- •Часть I
- •Contents
- •Introduction
- •Acknowledgements
- •Unit 1 petroleum engineering
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •1. Read and remember the pronunciation.
- •2. Pay attention to the stress in the following words.
- •3. Read the text, fulfill the exercises Petroleum engineering
- •4. Match the English terms in column “a” with their Russian equivalents in column “b”.
- •10. Give the English equivalents to the Russian words.
- •11. An English-English dictionary helps you to understand different terms. Look up the words in the box. Match the terms with the definitions.
- •12. Classify the responsibilities of a reservoir engineer and a drilling engineer into two groups.
- •13. Complete the sentences, using the information from the text.
- •14. According to the text the operations are performed in the following order. Put the phrases in the logical order.
- •15. State whether the sentences are true or false. If true, add the information on the statement. If false, correct the sentence.
- •17. Answer the following questions.
- •18. Read the extracts from www.Conocophollips.Com. Report back to your group-mates. Answer any possible questions.
- •Wordlist
- •Unit 2 oil companies
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •1. Read the words, remember the pronunciation.
- •2. Read the following word formations and remember their pronunciation Pay special attention to the stress
- •3. Pay attention to the following abbreviation that can be found in this unit
- •4. Scan the text and fulfill the tasks
- •Оil Industry Sectors
- •The entire oil industry is often divided into three major sectors: upstream, midstream and downstream.
- •Downstream (oil industry)
- •Upstream (oil industry)
- •Midstream (oil industry)
- •5. State whether the sentences are true or false. If true, add the information on the statement. If false, correct the sentence.
- •Pronunciation of the name
- •13. Put the necessary preposition in each of the spaces.
- •14. What do the following abbreviations stand for?
- •15. Read the following statements and decide if they are correct or not. Use (c) for correct sentences and (f) for false ones, give your correct variant.
- •16. 9 Listen to the tape and answer the questions given below.
- •17. Domestic and foreign oil companies. Fill in the chart using information from additional resources: for example, www. Wikipedia.Ed
- •18. 9 A. Listen to the text, remember the key words.
- •19. Study the definitions in Appendix (pg. 83-84 ). Match departments and personnel with their definitions.
- •20. How is an oil company organized?
- •21. Read the text and discuss the after-text questions An Example of a Difference between Russian and Western Operating Company Structure
- •22. Answer the following questions:
- •23. Role play: You are welcoming a visitor to your company.
- •Wordlist
- •Oil formation
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •Read the words, remember the pronunciation.
- •2. Read the texts, fulfill the exercises. What is Crude Oil?
- •What are Hydrocarbons?
- •Forming Oil
- •Close-up of reservoir rock (oil is in black)
- •3. Read the following word combinations and give the Russian equivalents.
- •4. Find the English equivalents to the following terms and phrases.
- •5. Complete the following sentences
- •Draw a diagram of oil formation. Label it. Describe the process using your diagram.
- •7. Work in pairs.
- •8. Read the following text “How Oil Becomes Oil” and fulfill the exercises
- •How Oil Becomes Oil
- •Give Russian equivalents to the following English ones.
- •10. Give definitions to the following terms.
- •11. State whether the following sentences are true or false.
- •12. Put the facts into the correct order showing how oil becomes oil.
- •13. 9 You will hear a lecture on petroleum. For questions 1-6, choose the best answer a, b, or c.
- •14. Discuss the following questions
- •15. Scan the text given below and describe the main oil properties based on the information you learn. Complete the table.
- •Physical and Chemical Properties of Oil
- •16. Listen to the following lecture “Petroleum element system” (pp).
- •17. Presentation topics
- •Wordlist
- •Unit 4 hse (Health, Safety, Environment)
- •Terms and Vocabulary
- •Read the words, remember the pronunciation.
- •Read the text, fulfill the exercises.
- •Leadership
- •Incident Investigation (Accidents, Incidents, Wokplace Injuries) аnd hse Reporting
- •Personal Protective Equipment
- •Alcohol And Drug Abuse
- •General Requirements to Work Implementation
- •Work at Height
- •Lifting Operations
- •Transportation Safety
- •Contractor Management
- •Emergency Prevention and Response
- •Environment
- •3. Pay attention to the following word-formations.
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the word(s) from the list below. Explanation to these terms are given in the brackets.
- •5. Fill in the correct preposition, then choose two items and compose sentences.
- •6. Match the problems with the ways of their solution.
- •7. Compose collocations from the following words
- •8. Match the items with their function.
- •9. Classify the words into 2 categories. Guess what these categories are. Add some more items to each category.
- •10. 9 Study the definitions given in Appendix (pg. 87-88 ).
- •11. Read the text again and make notes under the following headings, then talk about hse performance.
- •12. Describe what mistakes were made by personnel in the following situations.
- •Well service.
- •Drilling rig.
- •13. A. Read the announcement about Ecological conference. Say what problems will be considered at the conference, who will participate in it, what the schedule of the conference is.
- •Wordlist
- •Appendix unit 2
- •References
- •Геология и нефтегазовое дело
- •Часть I (geology and petroleum engineering) (Part I)
What are Hydrocarbons?
Hydrocarbons vary in structure depending on the number of carbon atoms and the way in which the hydrogen atoms combine with them. Hydrocarbons can be arranged as straight chains, branched chains or closed rings. There are two main chemical families of hydrocarbons - the alkanes and the alkenes.
As the structure of hydrocarbons varies so much, thousands of synthetic products can be manufactured with many different properties. Hydrocarbons with small molecules make good fuels. Methane (CH4) has the smallest molecules, and is a gas, used for cooking and heating and generating electricity. Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel and fuel oil are all liquid fuels.
Hydrocarbon molecules can be split up into smaller ones, or built up into bigger ones, or altered in shape, or modified by adding other atoms. This is why they are a very useful starting point (called a chemical feedstock) for making other materials. Even the thick black tarry residue left after distillation is useful. It is called bitumen, and is used in tarmac for road surfacing, and for roofing.
Forming Oil
Oil is formed from the remains of tiny plants and animals (plankton) that died in ancient seas between 10 and 600 million years ago. After the organism died, they sank into the sand and mud at the bottom of the sea.
Over the years, the organisms decayed in the sedimentary layers. In these layers there was little or no oxygen present. So microorganisms broke the remains into carbon-rich compounds that formed organic layers. The organic material mixed with the sediments, forming fine-grained shale, or source rock. As new sedimentary layers were deposited, they exerted intense pressure and heat on the source rock. The heat and pressure distilled the organic material into crude oil and natural gas. The oil flowed from the source rock and accumulated in thicker, more porous limestone or sandstone, called reservoir rock. Movements in the Earth trapped the oil and natural gas in the reservoir rocks between layers of impermeable rock, or cap rock, such as granite or marble.
Close-up of reservoir rock (oil is in black)
(www. Wikipedia.ed)
3. Read the following word combinations and give the Russian equivalents.
complex mixture of hydrocarbons
different depths in the same oilfield
from light coloured to thick
depending on the number
many different properties
be altered in shape
tarry residue left after
organic material mixed with
exerted intense pressure and heat
distilled into
trap between
4. Find the English equivalents to the following terms and phrases.
Незначительное количество, компоненты смеси, из пласта, различаются от …… до, содержат смеси, способ соединения атомов, могут располагаться, на более мелкие, для производства других материалов, остатки крошечных растений и животных, за многие годы, органика, мелкозернистый сланец, пористый известняк, непроницаемая порода, температура и давление, осадок, азот, сложное химическое соединение.