1. Grammar in the systemic conception of language study. Its connections with logic and linguistic sciences such as phonology, lexicology and stylistics.

The term “grammar” denotes the structure of a given language irrespective of its vocabulary and phonemic system.

Language is a means of forming and storing ideas as reflections of reality and exchanging them in the process of human intercourse. Language incorporates the 3 constituent parts/sides, each being inherent in it by the virtue of its social nature. These parts are the phonological system, the grammatical system and the lexical system. Only the unity of these three elements forms a language. The phonological system is the sub-foundation of language; it determines the material appearance of its significative units. The lexical system is the whole set of naming means of language, that is words and stable word-groups. The grammatical system is the whole set of regularities determining the combination of naming means in the formation of utterances as the embodiment of thinking process. The aim of theoretical grammar of a language is to present a theoretical description of its grammatical system, i.e. to scientifically analyse and define its grammatical categories and study the mechanisms of grammatical formation of utterances paying less attention to the meanings of particular words. Grammar may be understood in a broad sense as part/branch of linguistic theory, in this case grammar consists of morphology(which studies the rules, according to which the words are changed) and syntax( which studies the patterns of phrases and sentences). With lexicology grammar has the same object of study, that is the word and its meanings. It’s common knowledge that form and content are closely interrelated. In some cases the lexical meaning of words determine their grammatical behavior and vice versa. Lexicolization – when the word changes its grammatical meaning. (lookS, mannerS, termS, colourS, customS, armS, authoritieS) sg look, pl – looks; sg- none, pl-looks(как внешность) Some words may function in two different ways, as notional words and as purely functional elements, this is typical of the word “there” which points out a certain place when it is used as an adverb. e.g. I lived there before the storm. In other cases this word functions as an introductory subject. e.g. What better was there to do if there was no wish for a different future. The hardest evidence in favor of the links between grammar and lexicology is the existence of polysemantic words. Different meanings of one and the same word are realized in different grammatical environment. Grammar is closely connected with stylistics, a study of language expressive means. When we analyze a text we cannot but see that the stylistic effects are produce not only by lexical and phonemic means but by the grammatical structures as well. In grammar we have different types of stylistic inversion where the predicate or part of it is placed before the subject of the sentence. e.g. Not only did he promise to being his own pictures to the exhibition, he said he would display those of his fellow-painters.=>(transformation) It was not only his own pictures that he promised to bring to the exhibition but also those of his fellow-painters.