- •The use of the Oblique Mood in simple sentences.
- •2.The use of the Oblique Moods in conditional sentences.
- •In complex sentences. Real conditions.
- •3.The use of the Oblique Moods in adverbial clauses.
- •4.The use of the Oblique Moods in nominal clauses (subject, object, predicative, attributive, appositive).
- •5.The suppositional Mood and Subjunctive 1.
- •The triple nature of the Participle, its tense and voice distributions.
- •2.The functions of Participle 1 and Participle 2 in the sentence.
- •3.The Objective Participial Construction.
- •4.The Subjective Participial Construction.
- •5.The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction. The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction.
- •6.The Absolute Constructions without a Participle.
- •7.The double nature of the Gerund, its tense and voice distinctions.
- •8.Predicative Constructions with the Gerund.
- •If it denotes a living being it may be expressed:
- •If it denotes a lifeless thing:
- •9.The use of the Gerund in Modern English.
- •10.The functions of the Gerund in the sentence.
- •11.The Gerund and the Participle. The Gerund and the Infinitive. The Gerund and the Verbal Noun.
- •12.The double nature of the Infinitive, its tense, aspect and voice distinctions.
- •13.The functions of the Infinitive in the sentence.
- •14.The Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction.
- •15.The Subjective Infinitive Construction. The for-to-Infinitive Construction.
- •The use of articles with common nouns.
- •The use of articles with nouns of materials and abstract nouns.
- •The use of articles with names of persons.
- •The use of articles with geographical names.
- •5.The use of articles with miscellaneous proper names.
- •6.The use of articles in set expressions.
- •7.The use of articles in some syntactic relations.
- •8.The use of articles with the nouns day, night, morning, evening.
- •9.The use of articles with names of seasons and names of meals.
- •10.The use of articles with the nouns school, college, bed, prison, jail, sea, wind.
- •11.The use of articles with the names of diseases, the nouns town, life, weather and the names of languages.
- •12.The use of articles with nouns modified by certain adjectives, pronouns and numerals.
- •1.The Word order in the English sentence (general remarks, invented order of words).
- •2.The Word order in the English sentence (position of the object, the attribute, the adverbial modifiers).
- •3.The Subject, ways of expressing the Subject.
- •4.“It” as the subject of the sentence.
- •5.The predicate (simple, compound nominal, expressed by a phraseological unit).
- •6.The compound verbal predicate. Mixed types of predicates.
- •7.Agreement of the predicate with the subject (general notion, rules of agreement).
- •8.Agreement of the predicate with the subject expressed by a syntactic word-group.
- •9.The Object (ways of expressing, kinds of objects, the direct object, the indirect object).
- •10.The complex object. The cognate object.
- •11.The Attribute (ways of expressing, the apposition).
- •12.The adverbial modifier (definition and classification, ways of expressing).
- •13.Detached parts of the sentence. The independent elements of the sentence.
- •14.The simple sentence (definition, classification structure).
- •15.The compound sentence (general notion, types of coordination).
- •16.The complex sentence (general notion; subject, predicative, object clauses).
- •17.The complex sentence (attributive and adverbial clauses).
- •18.The rules of the sequence of tenses.
- •19.Indirect speech (general remarks, indirect statements, indirect questions).
- •20.Indirect speech (indirect orders and requests, suggestions and advice, indirect exclamations).
7.The use of articles in some syntactic relations.
With predicative nouns the indefinite article is used when the speaker states that the object belongs to a certain class (This is a student). When a predicative noun is modified by a particularizing attribute the definite article is used (This is the student you wanted to talk to). The post which can be occupied by only one person is used either with the definite article or with no article (The dean of our faculty is A.P.P.; Gregory is manager). No article is used with predicative nouns after the verbs "to turn, to commence, to appoint, to elect" (He was elected President for the first time). When a noun has an adjectival character (usually followed by the adverb "enough") no article is used (She was wise enough not to interfere). No article is used when a predicative noun in an adverbial clause of concession is placed at the head of the clause (Child as he was, he didn't believe a word). The nouns "son" and "daughter" take the definite article when modified by an of-phrase (He was the son of a teacher and an artist).
Nouns in apposition and nouns forming a part of an apposition are when the speaker states that the object belongs to a certain class (I'd like you to meet Mary, an old friend of mine). In the plural no article is used (Here are Helen and Max, great friends of mine). When a noun in apposition is modified by a particularizing attribute the definite article is used (Mr.Crowley, the man I've told you about, has come). If the noun denotes a well-known person or work of art the definite article is used (Pushkin, the great Russian poet, was born in 1799). The noun in apposition which denotes a post which can be occupied by only one person is used with no article (N.P.B., head of the university, is very busy).
Class nouns used in address take no article (Come here, boy).
8.The use of articles with the nouns day, night, morning, evening.
No article is used with the nouns "day, night, morning, evening" when they denote parts of the day or mean "light/darkness" (The sun has risen, day has begun) and in set expressions "at day, at night, from morning till night". When the nouns "morning, evening" are modified by the adjectives "early, late" no articles are used (It was early morning, but it was pretty hot).
The Definite article is used when a part of the day is modified by a particularizing attribute or the situation makes it definite (I will never forget the day when I met her). It is also used in the expressions "in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening".
The Indefinite article is used when the noun is modified by a descriptive attribute (I spent a sleepless night)
9.The use of articles with names of seasons and names of meals.
No article is used when names of seasons denote a certain time of the year (My favourite season is summer) and when they are modified by the adjectives "early, late" (It was early autumn – the best time of the year). The Definite article is used when these nouns are modified by a particularizing attribute or the situation makes them definite (It began in the summer of 1984). The Indefinite article is used when these nouns are modified by a descriptive attribute (He's used to a cold summer).
No article is used with the names of meals (I ate breakfast with pleasure). The Definite article is used when the noun is modified by a particularizing attribute or the situation makes it definite (How did you like the supper my wife has prepared?). The Indefinite article is used the name of a meal is modified by a descriptive attribute (Yesterday I had a heavy dinner which affected my physical state).