- •The use of the Oblique Mood in simple sentences.
- •2.The use of the Oblique Moods in conditional sentences.
- •In complex sentences. Real conditions.
- •3.The use of the Oblique Moods in adverbial clauses.
- •4.The use of the Oblique Moods in nominal clauses (subject, object, predicative, attributive, appositive).
- •5.The suppositional Mood and Subjunctive 1.
- •The triple nature of the Participle, its tense and voice distributions.
- •2.The functions of Participle 1 and Participle 2 in the sentence.
- •3.The Objective Participial Construction.
- •4.The Subjective Participial Construction.
- •5.The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction. The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction.
- •6.The Absolute Constructions without a Participle.
- •7.The double nature of the Gerund, its tense and voice distinctions.
- •8.Predicative Constructions with the Gerund.
- •If it denotes a living being it may be expressed:
- •If it denotes a lifeless thing:
- •9.The use of the Gerund in Modern English.
- •10.The functions of the Gerund in the sentence.
- •11.The Gerund and the Participle. The Gerund and the Infinitive. The Gerund and the Verbal Noun.
- •12.The double nature of the Infinitive, its tense, aspect and voice distinctions.
- •13.The functions of the Infinitive in the sentence.
- •14.The Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction.
- •15.The Subjective Infinitive Construction. The for-to-Infinitive Construction.
- •The use of articles with common nouns.
- •The use of articles with nouns of materials and abstract nouns.
- •The use of articles with names of persons.
- •The use of articles with geographical names.
- •5.The use of articles with miscellaneous proper names.
- •6.The use of articles in set expressions.
- •7.The use of articles in some syntactic relations.
- •8.The use of articles with the nouns day, night, morning, evening.
- •9.The use of articles with names of seasons and names of meals.
- •10.The use of articles with the nouns school, college, bed, prison, jail, sea, wind.
- •11.The use of articles with the names of diseases, the nouns town, life, weather and the names of languages.
- •12.The use of articles with nouns modified by certain adjectives, pronouns and numerals.
- •1.The Word order in the English sentence (general remarks, invented order of words).
- •2.The Word order in the English sentence (position of the object, the attribute, the adverbial modifiers).
- •3.The Subject, ways of expressing the Subject.
- •4.“It” as the subject of the sentence.
- •5.The predicate (simple, compound nominal, expressed by a phraseological unit).
- •6.The compound verbal predicate. Mixed types of predicates.
- •7.Agreement of the predicate with the subject (general notion, rules of agreement).
- •8.Agreement of the predicate with the subject expressed by a syntactic word-group.
- •9.The Object (ways of expressing, kinds of objects, the direct object, the indirect object).
- •10.The complex object. The cognate object.
- •11.The Attribute (ways of expressing, the apposition).
- •12.The adverbial modifier (definition and classification, ways of expressing).
- •13.Detached parts of the sentence. The independent elements of the sentence.
- •14.The simple sentence (definition, classification structure).
- •15.The compound sentence (general notion, types of coordination).
- •16.The complex sentence (general notion; subject, predicative, object clauses).
- •17.The complex sentence (attributive and adverbial clauses).
- •18.The rules of the sequence of tenses.
- •19.Indirect speech (general remarks, indirect statements, indirect questions).
- •20.Indirect speech (indirect orders and requests, suggestions and advice, indirect exclamations).
8.Agreement of the predicate with the subject expressed by a syntactic word-group.
The predicate agrees in number with the subject expressed by a syntactic word-group, consisting of 2 nouns connected by the conjunction and.
If the word-group consists of 2 nouns denoting different things, the predicate-verb is in the plural. The predicate-verb is in the sing., when the subject is expressed by several nouns which represent one thing or things, forming a close unit often corresponding to one notion (...the wife and the mother was asked before the plan was made);
If the subject is expressed by a word-group consisting of 2 nouns connected by with/together with, the predicate-verb is in the sing.
If the subject is expressed by a syntactic word-group the 1st element of which denotes an indefinite number/amount (a number of, a lot of, plenty of), the predicate may be in the sing./pl. In most cases the predicate form depends on the form and meaning of the 2nd element;
If the subject is expressed by the word-group many a... the predicate is in the sing.
If the subject is expressed by a group of words denoting arithmetic calculations the predicate is in the sing; multiplication can be expressed by sing./pl.
9.The Object (ways of expressing, kinds of objects, the direct object, the indirect object).
The object is a secondary part of the sentence which completes or restricts the meaning of a verb or sometimes of an adjective, a word denoting state or a noun.
He closed the door.
Ways of expressing:
a noun in the common case;
a pronoun (personal in the objective case, possessive, demonstrative, defining, reflexive, indefinite);
a substantivized adjective or participle;
an infinitive, an infinitive phrase/construction;
a gerund, a gerundial phrase/construction;
any part of speech used as a quotation;
a prepositional phrase with a noun or a gerund;
a group of words which is one part of the sentence (syntactically indivisible group).
Kinds of objects: direct, indirect, cognate.
Direct – used after transitive verbs with which it's closely connected as it denotes a person or thing directly affected by the action of the verb. Used without any preposition.
He painted the fence yesterday.
Indirect – denotes a living being to whom the action of the verb is directed. There are also cases when it denotes a thing. 2 types:
the indirect object of the 1st type, which expresses the addressee of the action. Used with transitive verbs which take a direct object. As a rule, the indirect object comes before the direct one, it's used without a preposition. When the direct precedes the indirect, the latter is used with the preposition for/to.
She gave him an interesting book to read.
He was giving an interview to the correspondents.
the indirect object of the 2nd type (the prepositional indirect object), which is more frequently used with intransitive verbs and which doesn't always express the addressee of the action. It is also used with adjectives, words denoting state, and nouns of verbal origin.
An idea has occurred to him.