- •The use of the Oblique Mood in simple sentences.
- •2.The use of the Oblique Moods in conditional sentences.
- •In complex sentences. Real conditions.
- •3.The use of the Oblique Moods in adverbial clauses.
- •4.The use of the Oblique Moods in nominal clauses (subject, object, predicative, attributive, appositive).
- •5.The suppositional Mood and Subjunctive 1.
- •The triple nature of the Participle, its tense and voice distributions.
- •2.The functions of Participle 1 and Participle 2 in the sentence.
- •3.The Objective Participial Construction.
- •4.The Subjective Participial Construction.
- •5.The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction. The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction.
- •6.The Absolute Constructions without a Participle.
- •7.The double nature of the Gerund, its tense and voice distinctions.
- •8.Predicative Constructions with the Gerund.
- •If it denotes a living being it may be expressed:
- •If it denotes a lifeless thing:
- •9.The use of the Gerund in Modern English.
- •10.The functions of the Gerund in the sentence.
- •11.The Gerund and the Participle. The Gerund and the Infinitive. The Gerund and the Verbal Noun.
- •12.The double nature of the Infinitive, its tense, aspect and voice distinctions.
- •13.The functions of the Infinitive in the sentence.
- •14.The Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction.
- •15.The Subjective Infinitive Construction. The for-to-Infinitive Construction.
- •The use of articles with common nouns.
- •The use of articles with nouns of materials and abstract nouns.
- •The use of articles with names of persons.
- •The use of articles with geographical names.
- •5.The use of articles with miscellaneous proper names.
- •6.The use of articles in set expressions.
- •7.The use of articles in some syntactic relations.
- •8.The use of articles with the nouns day, night, morning, evening.
- •9.The use of articles with names of seasons and names of meals.
- •10.The use of articles with the nouns school, college, bed, prison, jail, sea, wind.
- •11.The use of articles with the names of diseases, the nouns town, life, weather and the names of languages.
- •12.The use of articles with nouns modified by certain adjectives, pronouns and numerals.
- •1.The Word order in the English sentence (general remarks, invented order of words).
- •2.The Word order in the English sentence (position of the object, the attribute, the adverbial modifiers).
- •3.The Subject, ways of expressing the Subject.
- •4.“It” as the subject of the sentence.
- •5.The predicate (simple, compound nominal, expressed by a phraseological unit).
- •6.The compound verbal predicate. Mixed types of predicates.
- •7.Agreement of the predicate with the subject (general notion, rules of agreement).
- •8.Agreement of the predicate with the subject expressed by a syntactic word-group.
- •9.The Object (ways of expressing, kinds of objects, the direct object, the indirect object).
- •10.The complex object. The cognate object.
- •11.The Attribute (ways of expressing, the apposition).
- •12.The adverbial modifier (definition and classification, ways of expressing).
- •13.Detached parts of the sentence. The independent elements of the sentence.
- •14.The simple sentence (definition, classification structure).
- •15.The compound sentence (general notion, types of coordination).
- •16.The complex sentence (general notion; subject, predicative, object clauses).
- •17.The complex sentence (attributive and adverbial clauses).
- •18.The rules of the sequence of tenses.
- •19.Indirect speech (general remarks, indirect statements, indirect questions).
- •20.Indirect speech (indirect orders and requests, suggestions and advice, indirect exclamations).
The Oblique Moods.
The use of the Oblique Mood in simple sentences.
In simple sentences the ( synthetic forms of the Subjunctive Mood are more frequent than the analytical ones. It is used:
to express wish (Long live the Queen!/\May success attend you);
to express an unreal wish (If only he were free!);
in oaths and imprecations (Manners be hanged!);
in some expressions (God forbid!/Be it so!)
2.The use of the Oblique Moods in conditional sentences.
The S.M is used in conditional sentences to express an unreal condition (in the subordinate clause) and an unreal consequence (in the principal clause). Usually expressed with the mood auxiliary would/should in the principal clause + Indefinite Infinitive and the Past Subjunctive of the verb to be/other verbs in the Past Simple of the Indicative Mood.
An unreal condition referring to the future can also be expressed by the Past Subjunctive of the verb to be + infinitive of the notional verb or the analytical Subjunctive with the mood auxiliary should (Случись так).
If I were to offer my affections, they would be accepted.
If in the subordinate clause the mood auxiliary should is used, we often find the Indicative/Imperative Mood in the principal clause.
If he should come, ask him to wait.
In simple sentences. The Conditional Mood can be used in simple sentences beginning with "But for…" (But for the rain we should continue our way). It's also used in sentences with implied condition (I wouldn't waste my time on such things in your place). The mood is used by the speaker so as to sound polite (less straightforward) (I should like to speak to her).
In complex sentences. Real conditions.
Zero condition (General truth) – used with conjunctions "when, if, unless, provided". One action or result always follows another one (Oil floods if you pour it into water).
Type I – refers to the future (I will help you if you need my help; If I fall in love I will get married).
Unreal conditions.
Type II – refers to no particular time (If I could play the guitar, I would be in a rock band).
Type III – the action or the result refer to the past (If I had known of your arrival yesterday I should have met you).
Mixed (split) conditions – a) the present unreal condition and the past unreal result (If I were rich, I would have bought a big house a long time ago); b) the unreal condition refers to the past and the unreal action refers to the present (If he hadn't wasted so much time, he wouldn't be so nervous now).
3.The use of the Oblique Moods in adverbial clauses.
In Adverbial Clauses of purpose the Suppositional Mood is introduced by the conjunctions "so that, in order that"(He opened the window that he might get some fresh air/He whispered these words lest somebody should overhear him). The mood auxiliary may retains a shade of modality. If a clause of purpose is introduced by lest the mood auxiliary should is used.
In Adverbial Clauses of concession it is introduced by the conjunctions "though, although, whatever, however, etc." (Though he may make every effort, he can't make it to the top).The analytical subjunctive with the mood auxiliary may is used.
In Adverbial Clauses of condition referring to the future it's used to show that the action is possible though unlikely. In the principle clause the Imperative, Conditional or Future Indicative is used (Should he drop in tell him to wait for me; If I should meet her, I should tell her all about it; Should it be snowing we will stay in).
In Adverbial Clauses it is used in clauses of manner and comparison after the conjunctions "as if, as though" (He spoke as if he were going to cry). It is also used in adverbial clauses of condition (I shouldn't take it if I were you) and in adverbial clauses concession (after "even though") (Even if they had wanted to release the album, it would have been a failure).
In adverbial clauses of time and place after the conjunctions whenever and wherever the auxiliary mood may is used.