Структура англійського речення

Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. Які існують типи речень відповідно до мети висловлювання? Наведіть приклади.

2. Які існують типи запитань в англійській мові? Наведіть приклади.

3. На які дві основні групи поділяються члени речення?

4. Назвіть головні і другорядні члени англійського речення.

5. Якою частиною мови може бути виражено підмет (присудок, додаток, означення, обставина)? Наведіть приклади.

6. Чи є порядок слів в англійській мові сталим?

7. Що називається прямим порядком слів в англійському стверджувальному реченні? Наведіть приклади.

8. Який порядок слів називається інверсійним?

9. Які типи речень вимагають інверсійного порядку слів? Проілюструйте свою відповідь прикладами.

Вправи

Визначте типи речень за метою висловлювання.

The students hardly ever use the language laboratory.

The new school claims to teach students all the English they need in a few months.

Please, don’t talk in the corridor because there is an examination in the lecture hall.

The mere thought of exams makes me feel ill.

His tests results are not very consistent.

Please, be brief. I haven’t got long.

We can’t teach him anything.

How many subjects is Sam studying at school?

Визначте типи запитань.

Would you prefer tea, coffee or mineral water?

It can’t be so easy, can it?

Do they live here?

Could you wash up?

This mirror was expensive, wasn’t it?

How well do you know him?

Can you do it or can’t you?

How is it done?

Визначте головні та другорядні члени речення. Назвіть частини мови, якими вони виражені.

He sent this letter by post.

Nobody is perfect.

My father is an engineer.

Yesterday I saw a helicopter.

She gave me a table spoon.

I found my keys in the drawer.

The town has changed greatly.

Рекомендована література

1. Каушанская В. Л. Грамматика английского языка. – М., 2000. – 320с.

2. Каушанская В. Л. Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка. – М., 2000. – 216с.

3. Миштал М. Тематические тесты по английскому языку: Пособие. – К.: Знання, 2007. – 352с.

4. Угарова Е. В. Английская грамматика в таблицах. – 2-е изд. – М.: Айрис-пресс, 2007. – 128с.

Автобіографія. Заповнення анкети.

PERSONAL FORM

First name___________________________________________

Last name___________________________________________

Date of birth_________________________________________

Address_____________________________________________________________________

Phone number_________________________________

Marital status______________________________________

Enlist the members of your family: their names, age, job, contact information.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Secondary education___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

Place of study_________________________________________________________________

Faculty, specialty_______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

Expected time of graduation___________________________________________________

Expected degree___________________________________

Social activities________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

Special skills__________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

Personal qualities______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

Interests______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

PERSONAL FORM

First name _______Irina____________________________________

Last name _______Petrenko________________________________

Date of birth _____September 15, 1992____________________

Address ___Kherson region, Gola Prystan’, Lenina st., 32, apt. 4______

Phone number _______8-050-776-32-19_________________

Marital status ______single______

Enlist the members of your family: their names, age, job, contact information.

F ather – Petrenko Ivan, 43 y.o., mechanic, _______________________

tel. number 8-097-987-09-67___________________________________

Mother – Petrenko Maria, 41 y.o., teacher, ____________________________

tel. number 8-099-365-00-12___________________________________

Sister – Petrenko Anna, 14 y.o., schoolgirl.______________________________

Secondary education comprehensive school #7 of Gola Pristan’, 1998-2009

Current place of study ______Kherson State University________________

Faculty, specialty _________Faculty of Arts________________

Expected year of graduation __________July 2012_______________

Expected degree _________Bachelor_________

Social activities monitor of the academic group, participation in university festivals (decorating the scene)______________________________

Special skills sewing, all kinds of embroidering, languages: English (basic), German (basic)_________________________________________________

Personal qualities open-minded, responsible, easy-going, serious, hardworking_______________________________________________________________

Interests computer design, drawing, interior decoration____________

Завдання для індивідуального заняття:

Індивідуальне читання за фахом.

Environmental Protection

Topical Vocabulary

- environment	оточуюче середовище
- environmental protection	захист оточуючого середовища
- an unlimited source of resources	невичерпне джерело ресурсів
- timber	ліс
- waste products - pollution	відходи забруднення оточуючого середовища
- to damage the resources - to cause acid rain - to lead to damage	наносити шкоду ресурсам викликати кислотний дощ привести до пошкоджень користання земель
- abuse of arable lands	неправильне використання земель
- wildlife	дика природа
- species of animals and plants	види тварин і рослин
- the effect of the Chernobyl disaster	наслідки Чорнобильської катастрофи
- to be under threat	бути під загрозою |
- to get contaminated	бути отруєним
-to destroy the ozone layer -to protect the water, the air and the earth from pollution	руйнувати озоновий шар захищати воду, повітря і землю від забруднення
- to pump waste gases	викидати відпрацьовані гази
- water shortage	нестача води

Environmental Protection

Economists have long thought of the environment as an unlimited source of resources. They have thought that the atmosphere, forests, rivers and seas are capable of absorbing all the rubbish the economy throws into them. In fact, the economy and the environment are closely related. The environment supplies the economy with all its resources, such as water, timber, minerals and oil. The environment has to absorb all its waste products.

Nevertheless, some economists have always argued that pollution damages the resources. For example, pumping waste gases from a power station does not get rid of them. The waste gases cause acid rain; this leads to forest damage and therefore reduces the resources of forestry industry.

There are many consequences of damaging the environment. One of them is acid rain. Another is water shortage resulting from abuse of arable lands in agriculture. The third one is destroying the ozone layer of the Earth through pollution from factories and plants. The fourth problem is damage to water and soils. The fifth one is damage to wildlife: numerous species of animals and plants can disappear. Lastly, the most serious danger arising from damaging the environment is the result of the above-mentioned consequences. This is the danger for the life and health of the man.

The territories of the CIC are suffering many environmental problems. Many of these problems have been caused by economic activities. Apart from the effect of the Chernobyl disaster, the worst problem is probably in the area around the Aral Sea. Cotton growing in the region has used huge quantities of water, and the sea's level has fallen by 14 yards. This destroyed fishing industry and led to damage in soils, crops and wildlife. If we are unable to learn how to use the environment carefully and protect it from damage caused by man's activities, very soon we'll have no world to live in.

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.

1. What have many economists thought of environment?

2. Why do some economists think that pollution damages the resources?

3. What are the consequences of damaging the environment?

4. What environmental problems do the territories of the CIC suffer? 5. What could happen if we don't learn to use the environment carefully?

Ex. 2. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

1. Economists have never thought of the environment as an unlimited source of resources.

2. The environment doesn't supply the economy with its resources, such as water, timber, minerals and oil.

3. Some economists have always argued that pollution damages the resources.

4. The waste gases don't cause acid rain.

5. There are many consequences of damaging the environment.

Ex. 3. Translate into English.

1. Навколишнє середовище - це невичерпне джерело ресурсів.

2. Навколишнє середовище забезпечує економіку ресурсами.

3. Забруднення навколишнього середовища викликає кислотний дощ.

4. Викиди відходів у повітря порушують озоновий шар Землі.

5. Ми повинні навчитися бережливо використовувати навколишнє середовище.

6. Надмірне використання земель призводить до нестачі водних ресурсів.

Ex.4. Find the information about CIC. Be ready to make a report.

Список літератури:

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповнене – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.

2. Л.В. Мисик, А.Л. Арцишевська, Л.Р. Кузнєцова, Л.Л. Поплавська. Англійська мова. Комунікативний аспект. / За ред. доц. Мисик Л.В. – Підручник. – К.: Атіка, 2000. – 368с.

Словник-мінімум

Випишіть транскрипцію та вивчить слова

alkali щолок

food їжа

supply запас

vaccines вакцина

penicillin пеніцилін

sulfa сульфамід

category категорія

cathode катод

cause причина

caustic soda їдкий натрій

caution передбачливість

cavity порожнина

cell клітина

central nervous system центральна нервова система

chain reaction ланцюгова реакція

competence здібність, вміння

chromosomes хромосоми

proteins протеїни

gene ген

genetic code генетичний код

chemical reaction/ element хімічна реакція/елемент

oxidation окислення

the secrets of living thing секрети живих організмів

the causes of the diseases причини захворювань

great value велика цінність

methods of prevention and cure методи профілактики та лікування

to keep healthy зберігати здоров’я

a great contribution to science великий вклад в науку

a powerful microscope потужний мікроскоп

environment оточуюче середовище

environmental protection захист оточуючого середовища

an unlimited source of resources невичерпне джерело ресурсів

timber ліс

waste products відходи

pollution забруднення оточуючого середовища

to damage the resources наносити шкоду ресурсам

to cause acid rain викликати кислотний дощ

to lead to damage привести до пошкоджень

abuse of arable lands неправильне використання земель

wildlife дика природа

species of animals and plants види тварин і рослин

the effect of the Chernobyl disaster наслідкиЧорнобильської катастрофи

to be under threat бути під загрозою

to get contaminated бути отруєним

to destroy the ozone layer руйнувати озоновий шар

to protect the water, the air and the earth from pollution

захищати воду, повітря і землю від забруднення

to pump waste gases викидати відпрацьовані гази

water shortage нестача води

Модуль 2 «Студент та його оточення»

Практичне заняття № 1

Тема: Переваги Болонського процесу в Україні.

План роботи

1. Робота над текстом. Дискусія по темі практичного заняття.

Bologna process

The purpose of the Bologna process is to create the European higher education area by making academic degree standards and quality assurance standards more comparable and compatible throughout Europe. It is named after the place it was proposed, the University of Bologna with the signing, in 1999, of the Bologna declaration by ministers of education from 29 European countries in the Italian city of Bologna.

The basic framework adopted is of three cycles of higher education qualification. As outlined in the Bergen Declaration of 2005, the cycles are defined in terms of qualifications and ECTS credits:

1st cycle: typically 180-240 ECTS credits, usually awarding a Bachelor's degree.

2nd cycle: typically 90-120 ECTS credits (a minimum of 60 on 2nd-cycle level), usually awarding a Master's degree.

3rd cycle: Doctoral degree. No ECTS range given.

In most cases, these will take 3, 2, and 3 years respectively to complete. The actual naming of the degrees may vary from country to country.

With the Bologna process implementation, higher education systems in European countries should be organized in such a way that:

- it is easy to move from one country to the other (within the European Higher Education Area) - for the purpose of further study or employment;

- the attractiveness of European higher education is increased so many people from non-European countries also come to study and/or work in Europe;

- the European Higher Education Area provides Europe with a broad, high quality and advanced knowledge base, and ensures the further development of Europe as a stable, peaceful and tolerant community benefiting from a cutting edge European Research Area;

- there will also be a greater convergence between the U.S. and Europe as European higher education adopts aspects of the American system.

2. Виконання після текстових вправ

Task l. Write a thesis plan of this text

Task 2. Answer the questions: 1.What is the Bologna process? 2. Name 3 cycles of the Bologna process. 3. What are their frameworks? 4. In what way the educational process will be organize?

3. Робота з граматичним матеріалом: Прикметник. Прислівник. Ступені порівняння.

Ex. 1. Complete these sentences using the correct form of the adjectives given in brackets. Write the number of the sentence and the correct form of the adjective.

1. What is the (large) city in your country? 2. What was the (happy) day in your life? 3. What is the (bad) habit that you have? 4. Who is the (good) student in your group? 5. What is the (expensive) thing that you have ever bought?

Ex. 2. Complete these sentences using the correct form of the adjectives given in brackets. Write the number of the sentence and the correct form of the adjective.

1. My brother is much ... than myself (young). 2. The opera theatre is one of ... buildings in the city (beautiful). 3. The sound grew ... and ... (faint). 4. The party was not so ... as I had expected (gay). 5. I have no one ... than you (near). 6. What is the ... news? (late) 7. Yesterday I came home ... than usual (late).