Fill in the prepositions:
Disaster recovery is the phase of the emergency management cycle that begins … the stabilization of the incident and ends when the community has recovered … the disaster’s impacts.
The term incident stabilization refers .. the point in time at which the immediate threats to human safety and property resulting …. the physical impacts of the primary and secondary hazard agents have been resolved.
The fact that communities as a whole recover does not mean that specific neighborhoods or households within those neighborhoods recover … the same rate or even at all.
It is important to anticipate which population segments and economic sectors will have the most difficulty … recovering.
Disaster recovery includes actions taken to cope … casualties—households must find emotion focused strategies … dealing with the loss of affective support from loved ones, as well as problem focused strategies for coping … the loss of physical resources needed to generate an income, manage the home, and rear the children.
The process of “getting back … normal” involves restoring people’s psychological stability, learning positive lessons from the disaster experience, and restoring satisfying patterns … interaction with family, friends, relatives, neighbors, and coworkers.
A disaster resilient community learns how to use the disaster as a focusing event to change the portfolio of hazard adjustments that is likely to be most suitable … it.
The recovery process can provide individuals and communities … opportunities to become more economically secure and improve the overall safety and quality of life.
Practice the pronunciation of the following words before you read:
Altitude, avalanche, mountainous, accompanied, guide, campaign
Switzerland: Avalanche leaves four dead (26 March, 2011)
Four people have been killed and one is missing after a group of French high altitude hikers was swept away by an avalanche in the Swiss Alps. They were members of a group - made up of French nationals - which had been skiing and snow-shoe hiking in Valais, near the Italian border.
(2) The alarm was raised by one member of the party who managed to escape unscathed, while the nine others were uncovered by rescue teams with tracker dogs rushed by helicopter to the mountainous area. The avalanche risk in the region at the time was "considerable and rising".
The 11-strong group was on a high-altitude tour close to the Great St Bernard Pass when it was swept away by a snow slide. (7)The route is one of the most spectacular and(11) challenging in the Alps. The party was believed to be well-equipped with avalanche detection devices although it later emerged they were not accompanied by a mountain guide. The area was on an alert level of three on a scale of five denoting a "marked danger" of avalanches on Saturday, according to the latest bulletin of the Swiss national (8)avalanche centre. Six of the party were pulled alive from the snow but one died later in hospital.
About 1 000 people a day, nearly half of them foreign (6)holidaymakers, are injured in winter sports accidents in Switzerland, according to official data out on Monday.
Every year some 115 000 people are hurt (3)in tumbles, collisions and avalanches while they hurtle down the slopes on skis, snowboards or sledges, an average of about 1 000 a day over the season, according to the Swiss council for accident prevention (BPA).
"More than 40% of those who practice a snow sport and are injured in Switzerland, about 45 000 people, are foreign tourists," the BPA said on its winter sports campaign website. Between 2003 and 2007,(10) an average of 39 people a year died in winter sports accidents, 45% of them in avalanches that are often triggered by (1)off- piste skiing, when skiers venture away from secured slopes into the wilderness.
About 90% of the injuries are regarded as light, but still sideline people from work for an average of nine days, a period that doubles for those who require more extensive treatment. Head, wrist and knee injuries abound, mainly due to tumbles, while just four to seven percent are hurt in collisions on densely packed slopes, according to the BPA. The public agency is trying to promote the systematic use of helmets to cut head injuries and of long gloves to protect the wrists.
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