2.Explain the basis for the following jokes:

1. Caller: I wonder if I can see your mother, little boy. Is she engaged?

Willie: Engaged! She's married.

2. Professor: You missed my class yesterday, didn't you?

Unsubdued student: Not in the least, sir, not in the least.

3. The weather forecaster hadn't been right in three months, and his resignation caused little surprise. His alibi, however, pleased the city councel.

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"I can't stand this town any longer," read his note. "The climate doesn't agree with me."

4. "Papa, what kind of robber is a

page?"

"A what?"

"It says here that two pages held up the bride's train."

3. Specify lexical and grammatical meaning of the following words:

water, tables, data, spectacles, promise.

4.1Dentify the denotative and connotative elements of the meanings in the following pairs of words:

to conceal - to disguise, to choose - to select, to draw - to paint, money - cash, photograph - picture, odd - queer.

5.Define the type of transference which has taken place:

1. The wing of a bird - the wing of a building, the eye of a man - the eye of a needle, the hand of a child - the hand of a clock, the heart of a man - the heart of a matter, the bridge of a river - the bridge of a nose, the tongue of a person - the tongue of a

bell, the coat of a girl - the coat of a dog, the tooth of a boy - the tooth of a comb.

2. Green grass - green years, black shoes - black despair, nickel - a nickel (coin), glass - a glass, copper - a copper (coin), Ford - a Ford, Kashmir (town in North India) -cashmere, Damascus (town in Syria) - damask.

б.Тгасе the process of narrowing of meaning in the words:

starve, undertaker, deer, meat, bread.

Theme 5: Semantic Relations of Words and Structure of the English Lexicon

1.Comment on the terms:

1. polysemy, LSV, subordination, coordination, types of LSVs;

2. synonyms, criteria of synonymy (conceptual, semantic, definitional analysis, interchangeability), ideographic synonyms, stylistic synonyms, absolute synonyms, dominant synonym, euphemisms;

3. antonyms, gradable, complementary, contradictory, contrary, absolute, derivational;

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d) homonyms, origin of

homonyms, homonyms proper, homophones, homographs, full lexical homonyms, partial homonyms (simple lexico-grammatical, complex lexico-grammatical, partial lexical homonyms).

2.Write out from a dictionary all the meanings of the following words. Comment on the semantic structure of the words:

ball, sheet, scandal, sentence, hand, case, to take, to come, to feel, to let.

3.Single out the denotative and connotative components of meaning of the synonyms in the following examples:

1. At the little lady's command they all smiled. On hearing the story George grinned. 2. Noticing that they were no longer alone, he turned and again began examining the lustre. June had gone. James had said he would be lonely. 3. The child was shivering with cold. The man shuddered with disgust. 4. I am surprised at you. He was astonished to hear this. 5. It's impolite to stare at people like that. The little boys stood glaring at each other ready to start a fight. The lovers stood gazing

into each other's eyes. 6. He grew white with anger. "It's a damned shame," Andrew burst out, forgetting himself in a sudden rush of indignation. 7. He was an elderly man at the time of his marriage. He was an aged man, but not yet old.