- •1. The subject of lexicological investigation
- •2. Types of vocabulary units
- •3. The position of lexicology in the language hierarchy. Links with other linguistic sciences
- •2.The theory of a word (mid 50s, professor Smirnitsky)
- •3.The morphemic structure of a word.
- •2.The notion of a word-building pattern (wbp) as a two-facet linguistic unit
- •3.Productivity (pr) of word-building patterns
- •4.The basic types of word-building in present day English
- •1. Language meaning: lexical (lm) and grammatical meaning (gm)
- •2. The definition of lm according to the referential approach
- •4. Development of new meanings Causes:
- •1. The nature of polysemy
- •2. A lexico-semantic variant (lsv), its notion
- •1. The definition of synonyms
- •4. The dominant synonym.
- •2. Causes of phraseological units.
- •1. General Characteristics of „the English Language in Different Parts of the English-Speaking World
- •2. Lexical Differences of Territorial Variants
- •3. Local Dialects in the British Isles
- •4. Local Dialects in the usa
- •1) Comment on the terms:
- •2.Explain the basis for the following jokes:
- •3. Specify lexical and grammatical meaning of the following words:
- •4.1Dentify the denotative and connotative elements of the meanings in the following pairs of words:
- •5.Define the type of transference which has taken place:
- •2.Write out from a dictionary all the meanings of the following words. Comment on the semantic structure of the words:
- •3.Single out the denotative and connotative components of meaning of the synonyms in the following examples:
- •4.Using the semantic criterion prove that the rows of words are synonyms:
- •5.Find the dominant synonym in the following groups of synonyms:
- •7.Find antonyms for the words given below:
- •8.Change the sentences so that they express the contrary meaning by using antonyms. State whether they are absolute or derivational:
- •9.Find antonyms in the proverbs. Translate them into Russian:
- •6. Give Russian equivalents of the phraseological units. Memorize them and use them in speech:.
- •7.Give the English equivalents for the following Russian proverbs:
- •8.Complete the following sentences, using the phraseological units given in the list below. Translate them into Russian.
- •12.Complete the paired phraseological units in the sentences below. Choose from the following:
- •7.The italicized words and word-groups in the following extracts belong to informal style. Describe the stylistic peculiarities of each extract in general. Look up unfamiliar words in the dictionary:
- •8.Compose the following brief situations. Your language and style should suit both the subject and the situation:
- •2.Find:
- •3.Јxplain the differences in the meanings of the following words in American and British English:
- •4.1Dentify the etymology of the following words:
- •5.Say which of the two words is American and which is British. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •6.Translate into English giving two variants - British and American:
- •7. Translate the following sentences:
12.Complete the paired phraseological units in the sentences below. Choose from the following:
blood large shoulders sound take thumbs cons nail soul
fast
sweet
1. She was an outstanding student whose work was head and ... above the others in her class. 2. The lecture was just the way the students liked it - short and... 3. Although it has its faults,by and... Britain is a pretty good country to live in. 4. Don't ask James to do anything practical; he's all fingers and ... 5. Pauline was so funny on Saturday. She really
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was the life and ... of the party. 6. Oh, thank heavens you're both safe and ...! I was so worried about you. 7. They promised to stand by each other through thick and ... 8. You can't throw him out, surely? Not your brother, not your own flesh and ...9.A certain amount of give and ... is essential in any relationship. lO.His flat was so spick and ... that it looked more like a well-kept museum than a home. 11. I'm afraid you'll have to wear a tie, sir. It's a hard and ... rule of the club. 12. They're always fighting tooth and
... I'm surprised they don't get divorced. 13. The managing director
outlined the pros and... of the proposed plan. 14.1 don't know about
you, David, but I'm sick and ... of hearing about his fantastic children.
Theme 7: Stylistic classification of English Vocabulary
l.Comment on the terms:
Literary layer: terms, poetic words, archaic words, barbarisms, foreignisms; colloquial layer: slang, jargonisms,
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professional words, dialectal words, vulgar words; neutral layer, nonce-words.
2.Find a word:
a) colloquial: parent, father, dad, ancestor.
bookish: darkness, harmony, foolish, glad.
slangism: wife, sister, missus, mother.
professionalism: shop, lab, store, barn.
e) vulgarism: bad, negative, awful, bloody.
3.Translate the following neologisms. Comment on the word-building means:
Disadvantaged, gogglebox, deterrent, redundancy, rethinking, denuclearize, parolee, detainee, sitters-in, outdoorsman, to frontpage, the go-ahead, to snow-ball, mini-cruize, foodoholic, brown-bagger.
4.Pick out the archaic words from the given and translate them into Russian:
Do, dost, does, you, thee, ye, thou, horse, though, albeit, also, eke, spring, vernal, said, quoth, told, maiden, girl, perhaps, ere, before.
5.Give modern equivalents of the words. Translate them into Russian:
Bade, spouce, dire, aught, kine, swain, courser, ire, charger, thy, thine, troth, hath, whit.
6.The italicized words and word-groups in the following extracts belong to formal style. Describe the stylistic peculiarities of each extract in general and say whether the italicized represents learned words, terms or archaisms. Look up unfamiliar words in the dictionary:
l."Sir,
in re Miss Ernestina Freeman We are instructed by Mr. Ernest Freeman, father of the above-mentioned Miss Ernestina Freeman, to request you to attend at these chambers at 3 o'clock this coming Friday. Your failure to attend will be regarded as an acknowledgement of our client's right to proceed."
(From The French Lieutenant's Woman by J. Fowles)
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2. "I have, with esteemed advice ..." Mr. Aubrey bowed briefly towards the sergeant, ... "... prepared an admission of guilt. I should instruct you that Mr. Freeman's decision not to proceed immediately is most strictly contingent upon your client's signing, on this occasion and in our presence, and witnessed by all
present, this document."
3. R о m e о ... So shows a snowy
dove trooping with
crows,
As yonder lady o'er her fellows shows.
The measure done, I'll watch her place of stand,
And, touching hers, make blessed my rude hand.
Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight!
For I ne'er saw true beauty till this night. 1 Usually in modern correspondence you will find the form re [ri:] without the in. 2 measure (here) - dance.
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