- •1. The subject of lexicological investigation
- •2. Types of vocabulary units
- •3. The position of lexicology in the language hierarchy. Links with other linguistic sciences
- •2.The theory of a word (mid 50s, professor Smirnitsky)
- •3.The morphemic structure of a word.
- •2.The notion of a word-building pattern (wbp) as a two-facet linguistic unit
- •3.Productivity (pr) of word-building patterns
- •4.The basic types of word-building in present day English
- •1. Language meaning: lexical (lm) and grammatical meaning (gm)
- •2. The definition of lm according to the referential approach
- •4. Development of new meanings Causes:
- •1. The nature of polysemy
- •2. A lexico-semantic variant (lsv), its notion
- •1. The definition of synonyms
- •4. The dominant synonym.
- •2. Causes of phraseological units.
- •1. General Characteristics of „the English Language in Different Parts of the English-Speaking World
- •2. Lexical Differences of Territorial Variants
- •3. Local Dialects in the British Isles
- •4. Local Dialects in the usa
- •1) Comment on the terms:
- •2.Explain the basis for the following jokes:
- •3. Specify lexical and grammatical meaning of the following words:
- •4.1Dentify the denotative and connotative elements of the meanings in the following pairs of words:
- •5.Define the type of transference which has taken place:
- •2.Write out from a dictionary all the meanings of the following words. Comment on the semantic structure of the words:
- •3.Single out the denotative and connotative components of meaning of the synonyms in the following examples:
- •4.Using the semantic criterion prove that the rows of words are synonyms:
- •5.Find the dominant synonym in the following groups of synonyms:
- •7.Find antonyms for the words given below:
- •8.Change the sentences so that they express the contrary meaning by using antonyms. State whether they are absolute or derivational:
- •9.Find antonyms in the proverbs. Translate them into Russian:
- •6. Give Russian equivalents of the phraseological units. Memorize them and use them in speech:.
- •7.Give the English equivalents for the following Russian proverbs:
- •8.Complete the following sentences, using the phraseological units given in the list below. Translate them into Russian.
- •12.Complete the paired phraseological units in the sentences below. Choose from the following:
- •7.The italicized words and word-groups in the following extracts belong to informal style. Describe the stylistic peculiarities of each extract in general. Look up unfamiliar words in the dictionary:
- •8.Compose the following brief situations. Your language and style should suit both the subject and the situation:
- •2.Find:
- •3.Јxplain the differences in the meanings of the following words in American and British English:
- •4.1Dentify the etymology of the following words:
- •5.Say which of the two words is American and which is British. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •6.Translate into English giving two variants - British and American:
- •7. Translate the following sentences:
6. Give Russian equivalents of the phraseological units. Memorize them and use them in speech:.
1. It is the last straw that breaks the camel's back. 2. Can the leopard change his spots? 3. To have (to put) all one's eggs in one basket. 4. There is
no use crying over spilt milk. 5. To set one's heart upon something. 6. To set the Thames on fire. 7. When the cat*s away, the mice will play. 8. To cut one's coat according to onefc cloth. 9. To eat humble pie. 10. To let the grass grow under one's feet (to let no grass grow under one's feet). 11. To give somebody a piece of one's mind. 12, A stitch in time saves nine. 13. Tell it to the marines! 14. A skdefcnin the cupboard 15. To have a finger in the pie. 14. To skate (to be) on thin ice. 17. To spare the rod and spoil the child. 18. To build castles in the air. 19. To take the bull by the horns. 20. To let the cat out of the bag. 21. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 22. Birds of a feather flock together. 23. Where there is a will, there is a way. 24. To be born with a silver spoon in one's mouth. 25. To be in the same boat (box). 26. The pot calls the kettle black. 27. Let us return to our muttons. 28. To let off steam. 29. To put two and two together. 30. To make a clean breast of.
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7.Give the English equivalents for the following Russian proverbs:
Нет худа без добра. В гостях хорошо, а дома лучше. С глаз долой, из сердца вон. Дуракам закон не писан. Он пороху не выдумает. Слезами горю не поможешь. Поспешишь - людей насмешишь. Взялся за гуж, не говори, что не дюж. Видеть (смотреть) сквозь розовые очки (видеть все в розовом свете). Читать между строк. Хвататься за соломинку. Привычка - вторая натура. Платить той же монетой. Вставлять палки в колеса. Играть с огнем. Речь -серебро, молчание - золото. Между двух огней. 10. Положить конец чему-либо. Игра не стоит свеч. Между молотом и наковальней.. Не все то золото, что блестит. Лучше поздно, чем никогда. В гостях хорошо, но дома лучше. Пан или пропал. Попасть пальцем в небо. 19. Называть вещи своими именами. Нет дыма без огня.
8.Complete the following sentences, using the phraseological units given in the list below. Translate them into Russian.
l.If I pay my rent, I won't have any money to buy food. I'm between --. 2. It's no use grumbling about your problems - we're all —. 3. He's sold his house and his business to go to Australia, so he's really --. 4. She prefers not to rely on anyone else, she likes to —. 5. They didn't know whether to get married or not, but they finally --. 6. You can't expect everything to go right all the time, you must learn to --.
To take the rough with the smooth, between the devil and the deep sea, to take the plunge, in the same boat, to paddle one's own canoe, to burn one's boats.
9.Think of all the phraseological units that you can which contain the following words, use each phraseological unit in a sentence and explain the meaning of it: eye
(s), nose, ears, mouth, teeth, head, finger, thumb, heart, leg, foot (feet), hand, hair.
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10. She would do anything for her youngest son. He was the ... of her eye.
a) plum; b) centre; c)star, d) apple.
11. I always get... in my stomach before visiting the dentist a) worms; b) butterflies; c) crabs; d) hedgehogs.