The main tasks of discipline "Life safety":
1. Identifying dangers - danger identification with their quantitative characteristics and the coordinates (x, y, z, t).
2. Anticipating manifestation of dangers based on the theory of probability and statistics.
3. Achieving an acceptable level of danger manifestation.
4. Prevention and elimination of negative incidents.
5. Development and systematization of rules of life and activity.
These problems are solved in the management of life ativity in order to achieve a given acceptable level of social security at a particular stage of human development in the system "man - environment" health and high efficiency in all sectors of activity (industrial, domestic, social).
2. Theoretical basis of life safety.
Each open biological system has a natural ability to retain its settings when you change the environment (stability). So ensure stability (security) of the biological system is a property of all living organisms.
Development of life safety of man in society began with the emergence of consciousness.
Stages of development of scientific concepts of life safety:
T
hus,
the safety of human life - the most important tasks of human
civilization
The danger is objectively necessary condition for the development of nature and evolution of mankind.
T
he
risk created by the special properties of material objects, events
and information that are incompatible with the characteristics of
the person.
Any human activity is potentially dangerous.
2. Safety - the state of human activities, which with some certainty exclude the possibility of damage to her health.
3. LS studying phenomena, objects, processes from the perspective of optimizing the parameters of safety.
4. Security management, design rules and recommendations is based on knowledge of the laws, principles and methods of security.
5. Purpose LS - ensure optimal living conditions for each individual and mankind as a whole.
3. The connection of the life safety with fundamental and applied scientific teachings.
"Safety" as science, synthesizes the achievements of a number of science and is a comprehensive, integrated discipline.
Important place in the course of LS belongs to labor protection, which is a system that operates on the basis of relevant legal and socio-economic, organizational, technical, hygienic and preventive measures and means, which ensure the safety, health and human performance at work.
Environmental questions are considered by ecology and socioecology - the science of the relationship between humanity and the natural environment. Rational solution of environmental problems is possible only with the optimal interaction between nature and society, providing one of the further development of society, and on the other - the preservation and maintenance of nature.
Civil defense is part of the national measures taken to protect the public in emergency situations peace and wartime.
Ergonomics studies the man and his work, which involves the use of technology. The main object of study of ergonomics is the "man-machine". The goal of ergonomics as a science, is to optimize the system "man-machine" with regard to natural features and characteristics of the working man.
According to its objectives and methods close to ergonomics is engineering psychology, studying information interaction between man and machine.
Physiology of labor - the science that studies the functioning of the human body during work.
Psychology of work - the branch of psychology that examines psychological and physical aspects of the work, the relationship of the individual with the conditions, processes and means of production.
Hygiene - the branch of medicine that studies the impact of living and working conditions on human health, developing measures to prevent disease, recommendations for optimal living conditions, health and life expectancy.
Human activity has a public character, as sociology and social psychology are part of the LS science.
LS management system based on the achievements of cybernetics, the scientific organization of labor and production, economic, and other sciences.