- •Unit V grammar The main forms of the verbs
- •The Past Indefinite Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Give the past form of the verbs, arrange them according to the pronunciation of the endings:
- •2. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate the sentences.
- •3. Put in there was / there wasn’t / was there? / there weren’t / were there?
- •4. Open the brackets, use the Present Indefinite Tense or the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate into Russian.
- •5. Read and translate the text about scientists’ observations of the origin of thunderstorm.
- •6. ‘Jigsaw reading’. Put the sections of this story into the correct order. Read, translate and give its short summary.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Местоимение other и его производные (other and its derivatives – another, the others, others)
- •Grammar exercises
- •8. Read, translate and explain the usage of the word other and its derivatives.
- •9. Choose the right variant.
- •The Past Participle
- •Grammar exercises
- •10. Write three forms of the following verbs.
- •11. Translate into Russian.
- •12. Translate the following text. Chose the right variant given below: the Participle I or the Participle II.
- •12. Translate into English.
- •The Present Perfect Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •13. Read and translate. Pay attention to the verbs in the form of the Present Perfect Tense. Write the first two principal forms of these verbs.
- •14. Complete the sentences with a verb from the list. Use the Present Perfect Tense. Translate into Russian.
- •15. Speak on computer technology, the work of computer software engineers and computer hardware engineers, and the Internet (use 5-6 sentences).
- •16. Read and translate. Copy out the sentences with the verb to have and define its form.
- •17. Write for or since. Translate into Russian.
- •18. Put the verbs in the form of the Present Perfect Tense or the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate these sentences.
- •19. Translate into English.
- •20. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Active Vocabulary
- •26. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •27. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •28. Read and translate the following text to learn about the origin of science. Origin of Science
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •30. Match each word in a with the Russian equivalent in b:
- •31. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •32. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box:
- •33. Answer the following questions:
- •34. Complete the following sentences:
9. Choose the right variant.
1. Some people like to rest in their free time. … like to travel.
other the others others
2. This cake is delicious! Can I have … slice, please?
other another others
3. Where are …. students?
the other other another
4. The supermarket is on …. side of the street.
other another the other
5. Where are ….. cassettes that I gave you?
the other another others
6. She has …. interests.
other the other others
7. Some people like rock music, …. don’t.
others another the other
8. There are only three books in the bag. Where are …. ?
the others the other other
9. This is not a very good camera. Will you show me ..... one?
another others the other
10. You never think of ..... members of the family.
another others the other
The Past Participle
Причастие прошедшего времени The Past Participle (Participle II) соответствует третьей основной форме глагола, обозначает действие, которое испытывает на себе лицо или предмет, и соответствует в русском языке причастию страдательного залога, например: изготовленный, прочитанный, открытый.
Past Participle правильных глаголов образуется так же, как и форма Past Indefinite, то есть посредством прибавления окончания -(e)d к основе глагола с соответствующими орфографическими изменениями: to open – opened, to close – closed, to start – started, to stop – stopped, to study – studied. Правило чтения окончания –ed такое же, как в Past Indefinite.
Past Participle неправильных глаголов, так же как и в Past Indefinite следует заучивать: to write – written, to speak – spoke, to put – put и т.п.
Past Participle употребляется в предложении:
1) в функции определения, чаще находится после определяемого слова: a broken glass – разбитый стакан, the work done – выполненная работа;
2) для образования некоторых глагольных временных форм действительного и всех форм страдательного залогов.
Grammar exercises
10. Write three forms of the following verbs.
1. To open, to translate, to study, to receive, to stop, to use, to start, to finish, to dress. 2. To have, to do, to meet, to write, to go, to give, to send, to begin, to know, to tell, to see, to read, to leave, to find.
11. Translate into Russian.
1. limited time, closed windows, an uncomfortable bus, the work done, the exercises written today, unknown effects.
2. The method followed by us was accurate. 3. The data referred to in this paper are quite reliable. 4. One of the questions discussed was air pollution.5. In chemistry and physics there are tiny particles called molecules. 6. A lot of mysteries about unseen forces remain to be solved. 7. In music there are simple rhythms and complicated rhythms. 8. He is a well-known writer. 9. Applied sciences use scientific knowledge for technology.