- •Unit V grammar The main forms of the verbs
- •The Past Indefinite Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Give the past form of the verbs, arrange them according to the pronunciation of the endings:
- •2. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate the sentences.
- •3. Put in there was / there wasn’t / was there? / there weren’t / were there?
- •4. Open the brackets, use the Present Indefinite Tense or the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate into Russian.
- •5. Read and translate the text about scientists’ observations of the origin of thunderstorm.
- •6. ‘Jigsaw reading’. Put the sections of this story into the correct order. Read, translate and give its short summary.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Местоимение other и его производные (other and its derivatives – another, the others, others)
- •Grammar exercises
- •8. Read, translate and explain the usage of the word other and its derivatives.
- •9. Choose the right variant.
- •The Past Participle
- •Grammar exercises
- •10. Write three forms of the following verbs.
- •11. Translate into Russian.
- •12. Translate the following text. Chose the right variant given below: the Participle I or the Participle II.
- •12. Translate into English.
- •The Present Perfect Tense
- •Grammar exercises
- •13. Read and translate. Pay attention to the verbs in the form of the Present Perfect Tense. Write the first two principal forms of these verbs.
- •14. Complete the sentences with a verb from the list. Use the Present Perfect Tense. Translate into Russian.
- •15. Speak on computer technology, the work of computer software engineers and computer hardware engineers, and the Internet (use 5-6 sentences).
- •16. Read and translate. Copy out the sentences with the verb to have and define its form.
- •17. Write for or since. Translate into Russian.
- •18. Put the verbs in the form of the Present Perfect Tense or the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate these sentences.
- •19. Translate into English.
- •20. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Active Vocabulary
- •26. Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •27. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •28. Read and translate the following text to learn about the origin of science. Origin of Science
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •30. Match each word in a with the Russian equivalent in b:
- •31. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •32. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box:
- •33. Answer the following questions:
- •34. Complete the following sentences:
Grammar exercises
1. Give the past form of the verbs, arrange them according to the pronunciation of the endings:
[t] [d] [id]
to walk, to arrive, to establish, to drop, to spell, to dry, to watch, to complete, to open, to add, to turn, to hurry, to travel, to close, to start, to post, to study, to cover, to want, to play, to stop, to finish, to regret, to work, to equip, to discover, to explore.
2. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate the sentences.
1. The weather is nice today, but it (to be) bad yesterday. 2. I (to get) to the market myself last time, but now I don’t remember how to get there. 3. Five years ago my dad (to sell) his farm and (to buy) a business in a small town. 4. I (to spend) my childhood, boyhood and youth in a little ordinary town on the banks of the Volga 5. When we (to be) students, we (to like) to walk to college in a fine weather. 6. I’m a doctor now, but two years ago I (to be) a student at a medical college in Moscow.7. He isn’t playing tennis tomorrow afternoon, he (not / to play) tennis yesterday. 8. The game cricket (to develop) hundreds of years ago from somebody hitting an object with a piece of wood. 9. An American Thomas Edison (to make) the first machine with moving pictures in 1891. It (to be) called a kinetoscope. 10. Shishkin (not / to create) his picture “Morning in the Pine-Wood” alone. The no-less famous painter Savitsky (to paint) the bear with her three little cubs. 11. Agatha Christie (to write) over 75 detective stories.
3. Put in there was / there wasn’t / was there? / there weren’t / were there?
1 We stayed at a nice hotel. – Did you? … a swimming pool? 2. I found a wallet in the street but … any money in it. 3. … many people at the meeting? – No, very few. 4. I’m sorry I’m late. … a lot of traffic. 5. The radio wasn’t working because … any batteries in it. 6. I was hungry but … anything to eat. 7. … any letters for me yesterday? 8. … a football match on TV last night but I didn’t see it. 9. The suitcase was empty. … any clothes in it. 10. We didn’t visit the museum. … enough time.
4. Open the brackets, use the Present Indefinite Tense or the Past Indefinite Tense. Translate into Russian.
A) 1. In Ancient Rome people (to use) sticks of bone or metal with a pointed end for writing on waxed tablets. They (to call) those sticks “styles”. Now this word (to mean) a mode of writing or painting. 2. Many thousands of years ago Cyprus (to be) famous for its copper. 3. Renaissance (to mean) “a new birth”, “a revival”. Thus we (to call) the time of the great revival of art and learning which (to cover) the 15th and 16th centuries and (to mark) the transition from the medieval to the modern world. 4. Latin (to be) a dead language now, but it (to be) an international language some four centuries ago. 5. Startford-on-Avon (to be) a small town in central England where Shakespeare (to be born). 6. The metric system (to be) a system of measures and weights which (to be) first adopted in France 7. The ancient Greeks (to be) the first to study the stars scientifically. 8. Stars (to be) not bodies that give out light of their own, whereas planets (to shine) only by reflecting light. 9. The American astronaut Neil Armstrong (to become) the first person to set foot on the Moon on July 21, 1969.
B) Your rhythm on the earth (to begin) first with the beat of your heart. When doctors (to measure) the force of the blood they (to hear) its rhythm. The rhythms of electronics (to be) a mystery to men a hundred years ago. But now we (to know) that light and sound and the atom in its orbit, each (to move) in its own rhythm. The earth (to move) in its own rhythm around the sun, as all the planets do.