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4. Use the list of words to fill in the gaps in the table below.

hairspray recycling smog harm sealife crop spraying

cause

pollution item

consequences

possible solutions

factories

ships

…………….

cars

people

agriculture

sulphur

oil slicks

destroy ozone layer

carbon monoxide

rubbish

………………

acid rain,smog

………………….

greenhouse effect

……………………

waste piles

food contamination

filters

navigating more carefully

use ozone friendly sprays

catalytic converters

…………………

natural pest control

5. Use the table above and your own ideas to talk in pairs, about the causes, the consequences and the solutions of the above types of pollution as in the example below.

  • Useful expressions of result

brings about results in consequently thus leads to as a consequence therefore

  • Useful expressions of problem solving

could be avoided by could be reduced by could be solved by could be eliminated by could be overcome by

eg. SA: Factories can emit a lot of sulphur.

SB: Well yes and, as a consequence, this can cause acid rain which damages the forests.

SA: This could be reduced by using filters, you know. Filters remove the

sulphur before it reaches the atmosphere.

6. Talk about the types of pollution in your town or city. Mention the causes and the consequences of pollution and the possible solutions for preventing or reducing damage.

7. Look at pictures A and B.

  • Compare the two pictures. What do they have in common?

  • What kinds of pollution can they cause?

  • What do you do to help keep the environment clean?

  • «A little can do a lot». What does this statement mean to you?

  • In what ways can individuals fight pollution?

C. RECYCLING

1. What problems do rubbish cause?

Do you recognize this sign?

What can be recycled?

Do you recycle in your home?

How?

2. Fill in the gaps with one of the words from the list below.

pile up rot away decomposition breaks down rust away remains landfill sites compost heap fertilizer waste products reclaimed environmentalist

1. In many countries rubbish is placed in low lying areas which are designated ……………. .

2. When food begins to………………….. or decay, it disappears or breaks into pieces.

3. Some metals such as iron and steel turn reddish-brown when they are brought into contact with oxygen and gradually the metal may……………….to nothing.

4. Many items can be………………….. if you are willing to recycle.

5. A person who wants to protect the world around us is called a(n)………………………. .

6. ……………………… is a substance, either chemical or natural, that is spread on the ground to help plants grow.

7. As so much rubbish is thrown away every day, it is all beginning to……………….. .

8. Most gardeners like to keep a(n) …………………in their garden which contains a mixture of animal manure and decaying plants which is added to the soil as a natural fertilizer.

9. When a substance………… , it changes into a different form and is absorbed into the environment. Another word to describe this process is………………. .

10. The ………………… of something are what is left over when they have been used.

11. ………………..are left after use and are therefore thrown away as rubbish.