II. Scan the text. Find in the text the English equivalents of the following words:
a) производственный процесс, основной товар, чистящие материалы, управление компанией, канцелярские товары, установки (оборудование), решающие покупки, техническое обслуживание, дорогостоящий, всесторонний процесс поиска, поддержка сбыта, обесцененный, хранение на складах, постоянство снабжения, панель, товарная биржа, кузов легкового автомобиля, неисправности машины, сборочный цех, вспомогательное оборудование, запасы, составные части, клеящий материал, отдел закупок (снабжения), корпус,
б) предоставлять, облегчать (содействовать), требовать, приобретать (покупать).
III. Read the text once again. While reading define if the sentences are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones.
There is a direct relationship between raw material quality and the quality of the company’s own finished product.
Accessories are usually less expansive than installation items.
Price is the only deciding factor when buying installations.
Purchasing of supplies is usually undertaken by senior employees.
Industrial goods are not integral to the manufacturing process.
Component materials do not always form part of the finished product.
Goods and services required by industry are called agricultural products.
IV. Complete the sentences using the text.
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a) and raw materials are prime necessities. |
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b) can do much in terms of differentiation to emphasize the fact that they provide a good service. |
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c) include supplementary plant and machinery, office equipment and office furniture. |
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d) is placed on the quality of sales support and advice and subsequent technical support and after-sales service. |
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e) should be the result of an extensive search process.
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f) include products that facilitate the manufacturing process, but which do not form part of the finished product, for example, oils, chemicals, adhesives and packaging materials. |
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g) needs office furniture and equipment, stationery and cleaning materials, which are ancillary to the manufacturing process. |
VI. Complete the chart using the text “Classification of industrial goods” and speak about each category.
VII. Compress the text using “TRACK & DICE” model.
Language at work /Modal Verbs/
I. Search for the examples of modal verbs in the text “Classification of industrial goods”. Consult Grammar Reference.
II. Choose the right variant
1. If a company makes a mistake in its choice of office equipment or building maintenance services this … be costly, but it is unlikely to be a threat to the company’s future.
a) need b) have to c) should d) can
2. Raw material suppliers … do much in terms of differentiation to emphasize the fact that they provide a good service.
a) can b) had to c) might d) must
3. The purchase of installations … be the result of an extensive search process.
a) can b) could c) should d) may
4. A company … buy office furniture and equipment, stationery materials and cleaning materials which are supplementary to the manufacturing process.
a) must b) may c) could d) have to
5. Even in commodity markets, there are often distinctions in quality of service that … affect the speed of processing or the number of machinery breakdowns.
a) must b) need c) should d) can
6. However, the company … not function without a whole range of other items, although not being integral to the manufacturing process, are still essential to the running of the company.
a) may b) should c) must d) can
7. In a transport company fork-lift trucks, warehousing equipment and smaller vehicles … be classified as accessories.
a) must b) would c) has to d) need
Communication
I. Match the given headings to different parts of the text “Classification of industrial goods”, put them in the right order using the text and take turns in retelling the different parts of the text to your partner:
1. Extra equipment
2. Industrial aids
3. Basic components for production
4. Ready for use items of materials
5. Necessary items for a company
6. Basic equipment for the manufacturing process
II. Imagine that you’ve recently attended a conference devoted to the eternal trends in the production of industrial goods. Discuss the new information with your partner using the text and the conversational formulas.
B. Starting point
How often do you go shopping?
Can you say that you’re addicted to shopping?
What can prevent people from excess expenditures?
I. Reading. Skim the text to grasp the general idea. Think of the most suitable heading.
Oniomania is the technical term for the compulsive desire to shop, more commonly referred to as compulsive shopping, compulsive buying, shopping addiction or shopaholism. First described in 1915, and then in 1924 as Oniomania (from the Greek ‘oneomai’ = to buy) included among other pathological and reactive impulses, compulsive buying went largely ignored for nearly sixty years. The fact is that as many as 8.9 percent of the American population may be full-fledged compulsive buyers. (Ridgeway, 2008), and the problem is fast becoming a global one.
Similar to other compulsive behaviors, sufferers often experience the highs and lows associated with addiction. Victims often experience moods of satisfaction when they are in the process of purchasing, which seems to give their life meaning while letting them forget about their sorrows. Once leaving the environment where the purchasing occurred, the feeling of a personal reward has already gone. To compensate, the addicted person goes shopping again. Eventually a feeling of suppression will overcome the person. For example, cases have shown that the bought goods will be hidden or destroyed, because the person concerned feels ashamed of their addiction and tries to conceal it.
The addicted person gets into a vicious circle that consists of negative emotions like anger and stress, which lead to purchasing something. After the buying is over, the person is either regretful or depressed. In order to cope with the feelings, the addicted person resorts to another purchase.
Shopaholism often begins at an early age. Children who experience parental neglect often grow up with low self-esteem because throughout much of their childhood they experienced that they were not important as a person. As a result, they used toys to compensate for their feelings of loneliness. Adults that have depended on materials for emotional support when they were much younger are more likely to become addicted to shopping because of the ongoing sentiment of deprivation they endured as children. During adulthood, the purchase instead of the toy is substituted for affection. Shopaholics are unable to deal with their everyday problems, especially those that alter their self-esteem. Most of the issues in their lives are repressed by buying something.
The consequences of oniomania, which may persist long after a spree, can be devastating. They may include crushing consumer debt, theft or defalcation of money, defaulted loans, and general financial trouble. Sufferers often come into conflict with the law.