II. Scan the text. Find in the text the English equivalents of the following words:

Поставщик, складское сооружение, промежуток времени, скудное оборудование, сортировочные участки, хранение, повреждение, доступность, партия, оптом (в большом количестве), коллидирующие требования, воровство, безопасность, продукты питания, бестарное хранение (хранение навалом), погрузочно-разгрузочные устройства (средства обслуживания), контроль влажности, наблюдение (контроль), место пользования товаром, единица хранения, склады для поступившего товара, объем поступившего товара, единица подсчета, внутренние подъездные пути.

III. Answer the following questions:

1. When may security be required?

2. What factors does the nature of the materials include?

3. What are incoming facilities affected by?

4. Why is it frequently necessary to provide storage facilities after the initial issue and during the course of manufacture?

5. Storage is most needed at the beginning of the movement cycle, isn’t it?

6. How near do materials need to be to the point of usage?

7. What materials require to be a minimum distance from people and assets?

IV. Compress the text using “track & dice” model.

Language at work /The Infinitive/

I. Search for examples of the Infinitive in the text “Storage of materials and types of store and location”. Consult Grammar Reference.

II. Choose the right variant

1. These storage functions fulfill the role of marshalling areas and may or may not … enclosed within a separate physically secure area, or be controlled by particular documentation.

a) to be b) being c) be d) is

2. The form in which the goods are required for issue may … different from the form of their arrival

a) be b) being c) to be d) is

3. In addition, it is frequently found necessary … storage facilities after the initial issue and during the course of manufacture.

a) provide b) to provide c) providing d) provides

4. In deciding whether … storage, where and in what form, a business should consider priorities of the services required and the cost in setting up and operating them.

a) provide b) to provide c) providing d) provides

5. The amount of materials … handled, their rate of arrival and the weight and volume are of crucial importance.

a) to be b) be c) being d) is

Communication

I. Match the given headings to different parts of the text “Storage of materials and types of store and location”, put them in the right order using the text and take turns in retelling the different parts of the text to your partner:

1. The role and the functions of storage

2. Some requirements to the storage o some products

3. The importance of different factors for defining proper storage conditions

4. The place of storage and the availability of materials

II. Imagine that you’ve recently attended a conference devoted to the problem of storage of materials. Discuss the new information with your partner using the text and the conversational formulas of opinion on p.81-94

Writing

I. Compress the text using “TRACK & DICE” model given

II. Make up the annotation to the text.

B. Starting point.

• What kinds of storage facilities do you know?

• Can a warehouse do without personnel inside?

• What are the advantages of such buildings which serve as warehouses and retail stores?

Reading

Skim the text to grasp the general idea. Think of the most suitable heading

A warehouse is a commercial building for storage of goods. Warehouses are used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities and towns. They usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Sometimes warehouses load and unload goods directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets loaded into pallet racks.

Stored goods can include any raw materials, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture, manufacturing, or commerce.

Some of the most common warehouse storage systems are:

• Pallet rack including selective, drive-in, drive-thru, double-deep, pushback, and gravity flow

• Mezzanine including structural, roll formed, rack supported, and shelf supported

• Cantilever Rack including structural and roll formed

• Industrial Shelving including metal, steel, wire, and catwalk

• Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) including vertical carousels, vertical lift modules, horizontal carousels, robotics, mini loads, and compact 3D

Major warehousing processes include:

• Receiving

• Put away

• Order preparation / picking

• Shipping

• Inventory management (cycle counting, addressing...)

Warehouses frequently provide services, such as:

• Co-packing

• Kitting

S ome warehouses are completely automated, and require no workers inside. Pallets and product move on a system of automated conveyors and automated storage and retrieval machines coordinated by programmable logic controllers and computers running logistics automation software. These systems are often installed in refrigerated warehouses where temperatures are kept very cold to keep product from spoiling, and also where land is expensive, as automated storage systems can use vertical space efficiently. These high-bay storage areas are often more than 10 meters (33 feet) high, with some over 20 meters (65 feet) high.

Traditional warehousing has declined since the last decades of the 20th century, with the gradual introduction of Just In Time (JIT) techniques. The JIT system promotes product delivery directly from suppliers to consumer without the use of warehouses. However, with the gradual implementation of offshore outsourcing and offshoring in about the same time period, the distance between the manufacturer and the retailer (or the parts manufacturer and the industrial plant) grew considerably in many domains, necessitating at least one warehouse per country or per region in any typical supply chain for a given range of products.

Recent retailing trends have led to the development of warehouse-style retail stores. These high-ceiling buildings display retail goods on tall, heavy duty industrial racks rather than conventional retail shelving. Typically, items ready for sale are on the bottom of the racks, and crated or palletized inventory is in the upper rack. Essentially, the same building serves as both warehouse and retail store.

Large exporters/manufacturers use warehouses as distribution points for developing retail outlets in a particular region or country. This concept reduces end cost to the consumer and enhances the production sale ratio.