Vocabulary practice

Ex. 1. Make sure you understand and can explain the following terms and notions: Biology, Ecology, gene, reproduction, enzyme, tissue, biome, carbon cycle.

Ex. 2. Translate the LAST test objectives (SUBAREA I: 04-06) followed by focus statements that provide examples of the range, type, and level of content that may appear on the test (for a list of test objectives, see APPENDIX B). Do you find your level of mathematical intelligence competitive?

Ex. 3. Choose the alternative that best suits the context.

1. Plant cells also contain … where photosynthesis takes place.

2. Cells create … through respiration.

3. There are two methods of cell … — mitosis and meiosis.

4. A … is a rodlike structure located in the cell nucleus.

5. The first cells were …, which created energy without oxygen.

Ex. 4. Match the halves right.

1. Ingestion A. Maintain the cell's equilibrium

2. Digestion B. Break down food to usable forms

3. Secretion C. Eliminate waste material

4. Excretion D. Create and release useful substances

5. Homeostasis E. Take in food

Ex. 5. Choose the alternative to express the same idea as the word or phrase italicized

1. Insects became the dominant spineless species.

2. The cell's brain, inside the cytoplasm is protected by a nuclear membrane.

3. Nerve cells send signals to the central nervous system.

4. Organisms, including plants and animals, interact with and adapt to their habitat.

5. Lymphocytes control the immune system and kill disease-causing agents directly.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. What name is given to the cells that make up most living things?

2. What does photosynthesis create?

3. What do cells create when they respire?

4. Where are genes located?

5. What type of life could have developed spontaneously in earth's early atmosphere?

6. What is the name of the very first cells to develop?

7. What is the dominant invertebrate animal species?

8. Which animal has the most striking genetic similarity to humans?

9. How is AIDS transmitted?

10. How do plants and animals balance the carbon cycle?

PRE-READING ACTIVITIES

Vocabulary enrichment

Geosciences Terms Review

Geosciences

Astronomy

comet

asteroid

meteor

mete­orite

lunar

rotation

revolution

eclipse (lunar, solar)

Cosmology

ultimate

galaxy

detectable

to embrace

Meteorology

equator

pole

humidity

dew point

to vapor

perspiration

to evaporate

droplet

clouds (stratus, nimbostratus, cumulus, cumulonimbus, cirrus)

to condense

the atmospherical precipitates

dense

sleet

instantaneous Syn: momentary, immediate

violent Syn: turbulent

front (cold,warm)

Oceanography

ocean bed, floor

sediment

a volcanic eruption

oil well, oil spill

marine

Geology

The Earth’s Parts

crust

mantel

magma

core (outer, inner)

habitable Syn: inhabited

lithosphere

hydrosphere

molten

rocks (sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic)

fossils

erosion Syn: destruction , demolition

weathering

gouge out

to erode

READING ACTIVITIES