- •Word order (Порядок слов)
- •Word order
- •Word order
- •1. Обозначает действие, которое происходит в момент речи
- •2. Обозначает действие, происходящее в данный момент, но которое будет происходить в течение ограниченного периода времени
- •3. Обозначает будущее запланированное действие, чаще с указанием места и (или) времени
- •1. Обозначает действие в прошлом, которое происходило в определенный период времени
- •2. Обозначает продолженное действие в прошлом, во время которого происходило другое действие
- •1. Для обозначения действия, которое вот-вот произойдет
- •1. Для обозначения законченного действия, происшедшего в прошедшем времени, результат которого очевиден в настоящем.
- •2. Для обозначения действия, начавшегося в прошлом, но продолжающегося до настоящего момента
- •3. Для обозначения законченного действия, происшедшего в прошедшем времени, но не важно, когда именно
- •Perfect tenses
- •Perfect tenses
- •Pronouns (Местоимения)
- •Pronouns
- •Pronouns
- •Prepositions
- •Prepositions
- •Conjunctions (Союзы)
Perfect tenses
Контрольный тест
Выберите правильный вариант ответа
1. We ____what to do with the money yet.
1) haven't decided 3) decided
2) didn't decide 4) decide
2. John ____ in New York for ten years before he moved to California.
1) has lived 2) had lived 3) lives 4) was living
3. I ____ my last novel. I can give you a copy.
1) writing 3) write
2) have just written 4) was writing
4. He ____ from his job. Now he has a lot of free time.
1) will retire 3) retire
2) has just retired 4) was retiring
5. You can talk to Mr Black, he ____ up.
1) woke 3) was waking
2) has just woken 4) wakes
6. – How long ____ your car? – I've had it since Christmas.
1) have you had 3) do you have
2) did you have 4) have you
7. – How long ____ ill? – I've been ill for two weeks.
1) were you 3) are you
2) have you been 4) had you been
8. What ____ ? Why is the room full of smoke?
1) happens 2) 's happened 3) 'll happen 4) 'd happened
9. – You ____ my vase! – It was an accident.
1) had broke 3) break
2) were breaking 4) have broken
10. We ____ here since Friday.
1) worked 2) are working 3) work 4) have worked
THE PASSIVE VOICE (Пассивный залог)
Времена в активном и пассивном залогах
Active Voice Passive Voice
Simple to translate to be translated
Continuous to be translating to be being translated
Perfect to have translated to have been translated
Perfect Continuous to have been translating (по лицам и числам изменяется только подчёркнутый глагол)
Глагол употребляется в активном (действительном) залоге, если предмет сам совершает действие:
I speak English. They built the bridge last year.
Если действие совершается над предметом, употребляется пассивный (страдательный) залог:
English is spoken in the UK. The bridge was built last year.
В английском языке пассивный залог употребляется намного чаще, чем в русском языке. При переводе на русский язык предложений в пассивном залоге можно употреблять активный залог.
English is spoken in Great Britain. В Великобритании говорят на английском языке.
The bridge was built last year. Мост построили в прошлом году.
Примеры разных форм Passive Voice:
English is spoken in the UK – Present Simple Passive
The bridge was built last year – Past Simple Passive
The bridge will be built next year - Future Simple Passive
Look! The bridge is being built - Present Progressive Passive
The bridge was being built - Past Progressive Passive
The bridge has already been built - Present Perfect Passive
The bridge had been built before I came to the city - Past Perfect Passive
The bridge will have been built by 2010 - Future Perfect Passive
PASSIVE VOICE
Тренировочные упражнения
Выберите правильный вариант ответа
1. The Mansion is old, but its beauty ____ .
1) can still have been seen 3) can still be seing
2) can still be seen 4) can still see
2. If there is something important, you ____ in advance.
1) are told 3) will be telling
2) been told 4) will be told
3. I didn't know why she ____.
1) was chosen 3) has been chosen
2) had been chosen 4) is chosen
4. They ____ all the ways of making the wine.
1) were shown 2) shown 3) was showing 4) shows
5. Concorde ____ by film stars and business people.
1) is much using 3) uses much
2) is much used 4) used much
6. We can't use the concert hall yet because it ____.
1) still has built 3) is still being built
2) still having built 4) was still built
7. A lot of lies ____ to her by her boss.
1) were told 2) told 3) have told 4) has told
8. A great deal of property ____ by hurricanes.
1) is destroyed 2) is destroying 3) destroyed 4)has destroyed
9. Some new equipment ____ by the company.
1) had been ordered 3) ordered
2) had ordered 4) order
10. The papers ____ tomorrow.
1) will receive 3) are received
2) will be received 4) received
PASSIVE VOICE
Контрольный тест
Выберите правильный вариант ответа
1. A new concert hall ____ in the city center.
1) is building 2) is being built 3) built 4) has built
2. Complaints should ____ to the head office.
1) are sent 2) send 3) be sent 4) sent
3. Next year's congress ____ in Washington.
1) was held 2) is held 3) will be held 4) hold
4. I can't find my book. It _____ by someone.
1) is taking 2) has taken 3) has been taken 4) took
5. She ____ by everybody.
1) is liked 2) likes 3) has liked 4) liked
6. The room looks so nice! It ____ since I was last here.
1) has been decorated 3) decorated
2) is decorated 4) has decorated
7. The mail ____ by the postman.
1) were delivered 2) delivered 3) delivers 4) is delivered
8. Tom ____ the money because he didn't work.
1) gives 2) was given 3) wasn't given 4) to give
9. I _____ that Jane was ill.
1) tells 2) telling 3) to tell 4) was told
10. When Jane retired she _____ a gift from her colleagues.
1) presents 2) to present 3) is presented 4) was presented