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6. Why do they do it? Match a with b.

A B

1. We treat salt with either an acid or a base

a. to define its boiling point

2. I shake water and sand in the bulb

b. to make accurate measurements of a sample

3. The analyst carries out the electrolysis of water

c. to transform one salt into another

4. I have to use electronic balance

d. to decompose it into oxygen and hydrogen

5. They ignite phosphorus in the presence of oxygen

e. to define its boiling point

6. I heat this liquid

f. to obtain mercury

7. They cool the gas

g. to obtain phosphorus oxide

8. We heat mercuric oxide

h. to show you a sample of heterogeneous substance

7. Give an advice to help these persons. Work in pairs.

Model: Excuse me, can you help us? How can we get to the central office?

It’s not so far. To get to there you’d better take a bus №15.

1. Excuse me, I’m lost. I can’t find the way to the station. Could you help me, please?

2. We need to identify metallic impurities in this sample. What is the best method for it?

3. Hey, Mark! What should I do with zinc to get hydrogen?

4. How to define the atomic weight of an element?

5. Now we are to find out the age of this fragment. What technique should we use?

8. Translate the sentences into Russian. Pay special attention to the functions of the Infinitive and try to give all possible variants of translation.

1. Some metals, active enough to combine extensively with carbon, may be produced by the reduction of the oxides with aluminium. 2. To make a precipitation as complete as possible it is necessary to add a slight excess of one of the ions concerned in the formation of the precipitate. 3. The particles in the positive rays are assumed to be formed by removal of one or more electrons from the atoms. 4. Chlorine reacts with calcium hydroxide to form a mixed salt with the two negative ions. 5. In a number of instances some ions are hydrolyzed. 6. In a number of instances some ions are hydrolyzed to give acidic solution. 7. Atoms are too small to be seen even under a powerful microscope. 8. The metal hydroxides react with acids and with oxides of non-metals to form water and a class of compounds known as salts. 9. Carbon dioxide reacts with sodium hydroxide to yield water and sodium carbonate. 10. To be useful as an ore, an iron mineral must contain at least 30 to 40 per cent of iron. 11. To improve the quality of pig-iron it is to be purified by melting in a furnace. 12. Ammonium ions interact with water to form hydronium ions in equilibrium with molecular ammonia. 13. To determine the relative weights of different elements we were to use the relative system of atomic weights. 14. In order to liquefy a gas at a temperature below its critical temperature it is practically necessary only to compress the gas.

9. Answer the following questions before reading the text “The Science and Technology of Composite Materials”.

1. What is a composite material?

2. What’s the difference between composite material and matter?

3. How could you define a composite?

4. Do composite materials belong to the modern generation of materials?

5. Can you give any examples of composite materials?