- •Unit 1 student’s life
- •About My Family and Myself
- •Active Vocabulary
- •About My Family and Myself
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Match the following English words and word-combinations with the Ukrainian ones.
- •II. Complete the following sentences choosing suitable words.
- •III. Choose the proper prepositions. My Hobby
- •IV. Remember the following words and use them in translation of the following sentences.
- •III. Complete the sentences using your active vocabulary. Pay attention to the possessives.
- •IV. Use the possessive form.
- •V. Translate into English.
- •Lesson 2 Student’s Working Day
- •Active Vocabulary
- •My Working Day
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Read the following transcriptions. Write them in words and give their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •II. Choose the antonym on the right.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •Lesson 3 Leisure Time Activities
- •Active Vocabulary
- •My Spare Time
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •II. Substitute the words in bold type by a word or a combination of words from the text.
- •IV. Dramatize the following dialogue.
- •Lesson 4 Sports and Games
- •Active Vocabulary
- •Sports and Games
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •III. Make the following nouns plural wherever possible.
- •Lesson 5 My Favourite Writer
- •Active Vocabulary
- •My Favourite Writer
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •V. Make up a dialogue on the topic “My Favourite Writer”.
- •V. Use the adjectives in brackets in the proper degree of comparison.
- •I am (good) at English than my brother is.
- •Unit 2
- •Choosing a Career
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Match the following English words and word combinations with the Ukrainian ones.
- •III. Insert the missing words from the list given below.
- •II. Open the brackets using the Past Continuous or Past Indefinite tenses. Entitle the text.
- •III. Make questions to which the words in bold type are the answers.
- •Lesson 2 University Life
- •Active Vocabulary
- •University Life
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following words and word-combinations.
- •I. Make questions to which the words in bold type are the answers.
- •II. Choose the proper tense of the verb.
- •III. Translate into English.
- •Lesson 3 The Work of a Nurse
- •Active Vocabulary
- •The Work of a Nurse
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Give English equivalents of the following words and word-combinations.
- •II. Substitute the words in bold type by a word or a combination of words from the text.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •I. Put yes-no questions to the following sentences.
- •II. Make special questions to the following sentences.
- •III. Turn the following sentences into disjunctive questions. Make questions to which the words in bold type are the answers.
- •Unit 3
- •Health and Illness
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Match word-сombinations and their translations. Use them in the sentences of your own.
- •II. Give opposites of the following.
- •III. Say if the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements to make them true.
- •IV. Complete the definitions with names of medical specialists.
- •V. Learn some idioms connected with parts of the body. Use them in the sentences below.
- •VII. Read the English proverbs, try to give their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •II. Make up questions to the bold-typed words.
- •III. Translate into English.
- •Lesson 2 Medical Checkup
- •ActiveVocabulary
- •Regular Medical Checkups
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following words and word-combinations.
- •II. Fill in the blanks with the words and word-combinations given below.
- •IV. Dramatize the following dialogue.
- •V. Complete the following dialogue.
- •II. Make up questions to the words typed in bold in the appropriate tense form.
- •III.Translate into English.
- •Lesson 3 At the Dentist’s
- •A Visit to the Dentist
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •II. Say if the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements to make them true.
- •III. Match the words which are commonly used by the dentists and their explanations.
- •IV. Insert the necessary articles.
- •I. Transform the sentences according to the model.
- •VI. Translate into English.
- •Lesson 4 Healthy Way of Life
- •Healthy Way of Life
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •I. Read the following transcriptions. Write them in words and give their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •II. Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations.
- •III. Substitute the words in bold type by a word or word-combinations from the text.
- •IV. There are many proverbs, concerning a healthy way of life, read some of them doing the following tasks.
- •V. Dramatize the dialogue between the gym instructor and the newcomer.
- •VI.Choose the correct form of the pronouns.
- •VII. Prepare some pieces of information about possible ways of improving people’s life style.
- •I. Open the brackets using the verbs in appropriate tense forms.
- •II. Choose the appropriate tense form of the predicate.
- •III. Translate into English.
- •Lesson 5 Benefits of a Well-Balanced Diet
- •Benefits of a Well-Balanced Diet
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •IV. Match the words and their explanations.
- •V. Complete the sentences by choosing appropriate prepositions from those in the brackets.
- •VI. Read the English proverbs, try to give their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •VII. Read the additional text, entitle it, discuss with your group-mates advantages and disadvantages of fast food restaurants.
- •II. Make the sentences interrogative using question words from the brackets.
- •IV. Translate into English.
Health and Illness
The problem of health has always worried people. It has been in the centre of attention of the scientists since the ancient times. Our bodies are complex, delicate, biological machines. Like other machines, they work best at a certain temperature, a certain level of moistness, with a certain balance of chemicals, and so on. Although conditions in the world around us are changing all the time, our bodies can adjust to these changes. Different organs functioning together form organ systems. When the system fails, the result is abnormal functioning, which can lead to disease or death. Perhaps, of all unpleasant things people hate diseases most of all.
There is no strict definition of what a disease is, but we can understand a disease as a process that interferes with a structure or function of the body, or as something that causes a change of good health. Human body diseases vary in both severity and diversity. Any body part or function can contract a disease or have a disorder. Many diseases are infectious – that is, they can be spread from person to person. Our bodies can be infected by different bacteria or viruses. Our immune system works to combat them.
Human diseases and conditions can be acute or chronic. Acute illnesses begin rapidly and last for a short time, although in some cases it may leave a disability or long-term damage to the body. Examples of acute illnesses are pneumonia, measles, smallpox. Generally, they are treatable. Often the individual regains normal health, and usually does not remain sick very long.
Chronic illnesses, on the other hand, usually begin slowly and go on for a long time, often for a lifetime. Diabetes mellitus, which results from the body’s inability to handle sugar properly because of a lack of insulin, is an example of a chronic disease.
Most of the time, what makes a person seek medical care are symptoms or signs, known as markers of disease. The name a clinician gives to a disease – the diagnosis – is important because it helps us understand how the disease is likely to affect the person and helps determine the kind of treatment the person should have. In reaching a diagnosis, a clinician will take a medical history, that is, listen to the patient’s account of the problem. He will also perform a physical examination to look for signs. Based on what the examination shows or what the clinician suspects, laboratory tests may be ordered.
There are a variety of ways to provide relief from the diseases and conditions we encounter. In the best case, treatment seeks to cure the problem. If a cure is not possible, then the purpose of treatment is to control the symptoms and, if possible, to prevent worsening of the disease or condition. An important goal is to allow a person to carry out the activities of daily living as well and as free from discomfort as possible.
We are more capable today than ever before of combating these diseases as medicine is advancing every day.
What has been in the centre of the scientists’ attention since the ancient times?
Are our bodies like complex, delicate, biological machines?
Do all organ systems work together or separately in our body?
How can we define a disease?
How does abnormal functioning or disease develop?
What is the difference between acute and chronic diseases?
How are markers of the disease called?
What is the diagnosis of the disease?
Why is a correct diagnosis important?
What is the most important goal of treatment?
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