Test 3 Variant 3

1. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive.

Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet. 6. To improve your pronunciation you should record yourself and analyse your speech. 7. This is the book to be read during the summer holidays.

1. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Perfect Infinitive:

. Sorry to have placed you in this disagreeable situation. 8. I am very happy to have had the pleasure of making your acquaintance. 9. I am sorry to have kept you waiting.

3. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитива:

7) Our task is to master Еnglish.

8) The problem to be discussed at our meeting is very important.

9) To walk in bad weather is not pleasant.

4. Измените следующие предложения по образцу, употребляя инфинитив после оборота It takes (took, will take). Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: I walked to the station in ten minutes.

It took me ten minutes to walk to the station.

7) You will get there in about an hour.

8) She will take all afternoon to prepare the meal.

9) She recovered from her illness in two months.

5. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык с помощью придаточных определительных предложений:

Образец: The question to be discussed at the meeting is very im­portent. - Вопрос, который нужно обсудить на собрании, очень важный.

7) Here are some instructions to be followed.

8) These are the letters to be answered.

9) He looked at the shelves of books to be read and understood.

6. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на сложное дополнение:

5) I heard somebody mention his name. 6) We expect this statement to be true. 7) I believed the calculation to be correct.

7. Замените сложное дополнение в следующих предложениях дополнительными при­даточными предложениями. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: I think this book to be very interesting.

I think that this book is very interesting. - Я думаю, что эта книга очень интересная.

6) The government considers peaceful coexistence to be the

main principle of foreign policy.

7) I heard this instrument meet the industrial requirements.

8) We want this method to be applied at our plant.

8. Замените сложноподчиненные предложения простыми, употребив сложное дополнение. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: I saw that she was making experiments in the laboratory.

I saw her making experiments in the laboratory.-

Я видел, как, она проводила опыты в лаборатории.

5) They expect that we shall solve all problems.

6) We noticed that she was writing something.

7) Our specialists expect that this new device will show high accuracy.

9. Употребите инфинитив, данный в скобках, в составе сложного дополнения. Пере­ведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: Не tried to make me (to understand) him.

He tried to make me understand him.- Он пытался заставить меня понять его.

5) They wanted the device (to be examined) carefully by experts.

6) We consider this equation (to have) different solutions.

7) We watched them (to install) the equipment.

10. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на сложное подлежащее:

6) This important problem is sure to be settled very soon.

7) He is likely to be given this work.

8) The match proved to be final.

11. Замените сложноподчиненные предложения простыми, употребив сложное подлежащее:

Образец: It is considered that the programme of experiments has been approved. - The programme of experiments is considered to have been approved.

5) It is said that the solution of this problem is not easy.

6) It is believed that the flight was completed yesterday.

7) It is supposed that he has completed his research.

12. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму глагола придаточных предложений:

6) She thought that the letter had been written by her friend.

7) They said that it had been raining from five till seven.

8) She said that she could not give me this book because she had promised to give it to her sister.

13. Употребите глагол - сказуемое главного предложения и Past Indefinite(Simple) и сделайте соответствующие изменения в придаточном предложении. Переведите предложе­ния на русский язык:

Образец: Не says that he will go to the library.

He said that he would go to the library. - Он сказал, что пойдет в библиотеку.

6) Do you know that they arrived in Moscow yesterday?

7) I don't think that she has come home.

8) I'm certain that nobody will think him a stranger.

14. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужной форме времени и залога, соблюдая правило согласования времен. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

5) We were informed that many scientists (to work) at the problem of radioactivity.

6) They thought the flight (to be) successful.

7) He said that the telegram (to come) that day.

15 Преобразуйте следующие предложения из прямой речи в косвенную. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: Не said, "I will be here at noon".

He said that he would be here at noon. - Он сказал, что будет здесь днем.

6) John said, "I saw this film last week."

7) Ann said, "I have finished studying my lesson."

8) The man said, "The telephone is out of order."

16. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните в придаточ­ных предложениях глаголы в сослагательном наклонении:

2) If it were possible to live on the Moon, people would be able to jump about six times as high as they can on the Earth.

4) If she could, she would certainly help you.

6) Had we known all those facts before, we should have written to you about them long ago.

17. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present Indefinite (Simple) и переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: If you (to study), you will pass your exam.

If you study, you will pass your exam. - Если вы будете заниматься, вы сдадите экзамен.

5. If I (to find) the book, I will give it to you.

6. If the weather (to be) warm, we shall go to the park.

18. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Indefinite (Simple) и переведите предложе­ния на русский язык:

Образец: If you (to study), you would pass your exam.

If you studied, you would pass your exam. –

Если бы вы занимались, вы бы сдали экзамен.

5) If I not (to have) to work today, I would go to the park with you.

6) If I (to know) English better, I would read some English books.

19. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Future in-the-Past и переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: If you studied, you (to pass) your exam.

If you studied, you would pass your exam.

- Если бы вы занимались, вы бы сдали экзамен.

5) If it were not cold, there (to be) no snow on the ground.

6) If I didn't need this book myself, I (to let) you have it.

20. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Perfect и переведите пред­ложения на русский язык:

Образец: If I (to have) time yesterday, I should have gone to the party.

If I had had time yesterday, I should have gone to the party. - Если бы у меня было время вчера, я бы пошел на вечер.

5) If I (to receive) your message, I should have come at once.

7) If he (to have) your address, he would have written to you.

21. Употребите Past Indefinite (Simple) после союза if, сделав соответствующие изменения в главном предложении. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: If John comes, he will help us.

If John came, he would help us. - Если бы Джон пришел, он бы помог нам.

5) If we hurry, we can get there by two o'clock.

6) If I don't have to study, I shall go to the movie with you.

22. Употребите Past Perfect после союза if, сделав соответствующие изменения в главном предложении. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: If John comes, he will help us.

If John had come then, he would have helped us.

5) If she saves her money, she will be able to go on a vacation.

6) If I have no time this week, I shall not be able to join your ex­cursion.

23. Переведите текст и напишите аннотацию к нему на английском языке.

The role of automation in industry

Automation is the third phase in the development of technology that began with the industrialization of the 18th century. First came mechanization which created the factory system and separated labour and management in production. Mechanization was a technology based on forms and applications of power. Mass production came next. It was a technology based on principles of produc­tion and organization. Automation is a technology based on communication, computation and control.

The truly automated devices must possess one or more of the following elements: system approach, programmability, feedback.

With a system approach, factories which make things by passing them through successive stages of manu­facturing without people intervening to transfer lines, which made their debut in car factories before the Second World War, are considered automated systems. These carry components past lines of machine-tools which each cuts them automatically. People are not required; the ma­chines clamp the parts out of themselves without a work­man being present. Thus transfer lines are different from assembly lines where people are very much in evidence.

With programmability, a system can do more than one kind of job. An industrial robot is an automated machine. It works automatically and an operator can reprogram the computer that controls it to make the machine do dif­ferent things.

Finally, feedback makes an automatic device vary its routine according to changes that take place around it. An automatic machine-tool with feedback would have sen­sors that detect, for example, if the metal it is cutting is wrongly shaped. If it is, the sensors instruct the machine to vary its routine accordingly. Other examples of devices with feedback are robots with "vision" or other sensors that can "see" or "feel" what they are doing.

Most examples of automation in factories today are not "programmable"; neither do they work with feedback. They are simply sets of machine-tools linked together ac­cording to "systems" approach. These mechanisms are inflexible. They turn out only one kind of part, which is all very well if the manufacturer wants to make thousands of identical components. But if he wants to change his rou­tine, the machinery is not very useful. This is the case while automation is inflexible, flexible automation is on the way. Here, automated machinery has programmability and feedback and can turn out different kinds of components. The equipment will make a tremendous difference to fac­tory floors throughout the world. Flexible automation adds up to a new industrial era.