This is london!
1) Every year, more than nine million people come from countries all over the world to visit London. They go to the theatres and museums; they look at interesting old buildings, many of them hundreds of years old; they sit or walk in the beautiful parks, or have а drink in а pub. They go to Oxford Street to look at the shops, or to Harrods. Two million visitors go to the Tower of London. А million come go to see St. Paul's Cathedral. Yes, London is а big and beautiful city with lots to see and do. www.lcblondon.com
But how did it all begin...?
2) The name London comes from the Romans. There were people living here before they came, but we do not know very much about them. The Romans came to England in AD 43. They built houses and other buildings and made а town next to the River Thames. They called the town Londinium. They built а bridge over the river, and ships came up to Londinium from the sea. The town got bigger and bigger. Important new buildings went up, and you cаn see some of the Roman city wall today, near the Museum of London. It was а rich town with about 50,000 people living in it. But soon after AD 400, the Romans left Londinium to go back to Rome, and nobody lived in the town, for many hundreds of years. The buildings began to fall down. Danish soldiers destroyed more buildings nearly five hundred years later. King Alfred was king of England then. Не got the Danes to leave London and his men built the town again. In 1066, William the Conqueror came to England from France to be king. Soon after, he began to build the Towеr of London. When Henry the Eighth was king in 1509, 50,000 people lived in London again. Bу the уear 1600, there were 200,000, but а lot of them lived in old and dirty buildings. In 1665, 100,000 people died from an illness called the plague. This was called the year of 'The Great Plague'. А year later, in 1666, there was а big fire - The Great Fire of London. It began in а house in Pudding Lane, near London Bridge. More than а quarter of а million Londoners lost their homes in the fire. It destroyed St. Paul's Cathedral and eighty-eight other churches the only building which survived was Guildhall, because it was build out of stone. But the fire also destroyed most of the worst old buildings, and the new houses that went up after this were better for people to live in. А new St. Paul's Cathedral was built between 1675 and 1711. Вy 1881, more than three million people lived in London.
3) Today, London is one of the world's leading business, financial and cultural centres with an official population of 7.5 million people. It is an international transport hub, with five international airports and a large port. It serves as the largest aviation hub in the world, and its main airport, the multi terminal Heathrow, carries more international passengers than any other airport in the world. It also has Europe's largest underground railway system when measured by route length.
4) The city’s tourists attractions are sights you’ve heard about all your life. You will want to see them all but some are absolute musts: The Tower of London that served as a castle in wartime, a king's residence in peace time, and, most notoriously, as the prison and execution site of rebels; Huge St. Paul's Cathedral, built by architect Sir Christopher Wren, can take hours to wander through if you're in the right mood. The other famous top attraction - church, Westminster Abbey, is where royalty are crowned and some are buried. Across the street from the abbey is Big Ben clock tower, attached to the Houses of Parliament – the home for the British government. When you are tired of looking at buildings you can walk in one of London’s beautiful parks: Hyde Park with a lake in the middle called the Serpentine, you can listen to the speakers at Speakers’ Corner there; Regent’s Park is the home of London Zoo; in Kensington Gardens you can see the statue of Peter Pen. There are many other sights in London which are worth seeing (9, 23).
3. Read the text carefully. What paragraph contains the following information:
1) London experienced plague and devastating fire.
2) Lots of people visit London every year.
3) London is a major tourist destination, with world heritage sites and numerous iconic landmarks.
4. Answer these questions:
1) How old is London?
2) What river flows through London?
3) What does the word ‘London’ come from?
4) Who was the king of England in 1066?
5) Who built the Tower of London?
6) When was ‘The Great Fire’ of London?
7) Where did the fire start?
8) How many people died from ‘The Great Plague’?
9) When was St Paul’s Cathedral built?
10) Who was the architect of St. Paul’s Cathedral?
11) What places does the author of the article advise to visit?
12) What if your friend comes to London in summer what places will you advise him to visit? Why?
5. Complete the notes about London with the information from the text. Use your notes to talk about London
1. INTRODUCTION/HISTORY
C
ity:
O
riginal
name:
P
opulation:
H
istory:
founded in by
2
.
THINGS TO SEE
P
laces
to visit:
3. THINGS TO SEE
S
hopping:
G
oing
out:
W
alking:
6. Make the same page about your town and tell your friends about it.
1. INTRODUCTION/HISTORY
C
ity:
O
riginal
name:
P
opulation:
H
istory:
founded in by
L
andscape:
2. THINGS TO SEE
P
laces
to visit:
3. THINGS TO SEE
S
hopping:
G
oing
out:
S
ports:
W
riting
Filling up the Disembarkation/Embarkation card
(Landing card)
1. Imaging that you have a one-week holiday. You decided to go to Tenerife Island (Spain). You are leaving today; your flight number is 806. You are going to stay at Grand Tenerife Hotel in Las Americas. In the plane you are given the D/E card (Disembarkation / Embarkation Card) to fill up. Foreign visitors* arriving in European countries are required to fill up a form known as the D/E card. This card looks somewhat like this one on the left.
Try to complete this card. If you have difficulties see p 107.
1) At the immigration counter, the visitor must present the completed D/E card together with his/her travel document to the Immigration & Checkpoints Authority officer. D/E card indicates the period that the visitor is allowed to enter and stay in the country.
2) All D/E cards must be completed neatly and in capital letters.
3) You should complete only the first and the last part of the card if you travel by plane, train or ship. The second is for people who travel by car.
4) The first part contains personal information, the date of your arrival, flight number and the place (hotel, city) you will stay.
5) The last part contains information about your departure.
6) Keep this card in your possession. It must be surrendered on your departure.
2. Imagine that you are tourists traveling not in a group but as individuals, who arrived in Tunis, the capital city of Tunisia. You are now at a police station. You should register
a
s
foreign visitors and fill
up the form on the left.
No one at the police
station can understand
Russian or English, but the
police officials understand
why you’ve come and
they’ve given you this
registration form to
complete.
1) Every blank on
the form must be filled in.
2) No question can be
ignored and left
unanswered.
3)When answering questions
2 and 14, the Muslim calendar
must be used. It is now
the year 1427
4) check your form
on p.105.
3. Answer the questions:
1) How did you feel
during the exercise?
2) Did the information
about Muslim calendar
cause you any
problems?
3)Was any information
in the form confusing?
If so, what?
4) Do the questions
make sense? Why do you
think they are asked?
5) If you wanted to obtain
information about a
visitor to your country,
what questions would
you ask?
S
peaking
1. Organize a tour of a city.
Work with your partner. Imagine that you are guides and you are going to make a tour of London, Washington, Chicago (33), Moscow (34) or another city (choose one you like) with a group of tourists.
Stage 1
1) Decide what kind of excursion it will be (walking, bus or boat tour).
2) Search the internet and find information about sights of the chosen town.
3) Choose 5 or 6 places you like. Remember that if it is a working tour the places you are going to visit should not be too far from each other.
4) Collect pictures and information about the places you’ve chosen.
Stage 2
1) Organize the information you’ve found with the help of Microsoft Office Power Point. Use pictures to make it interesting and more real.
2) Write some questions about the sights you are going to tell about and use them as a feedback at the end of your excursion.
Stage 3
1) Present your excursion to the group.
2) Ask the students questions you’ve prepared. Help them if they failed to answer.
Stage 4
1) Listen to the other students in your group and answer their questions after virtual excursions.
2) Share your opinion about the work of the other students in your group. Whose excursion was the most impressive, interesting or informative? Give your reasons.
3) Vote for the best excursion.
1. Say what you will do:
1
)
When I graduate from the university I l……………………………………….
2) When I have my house I ……………………………………………………….
3) If I learn English I ……………… …………………………………………….
4) When I am 80 I ………………………………………………………………..
5) When I marry I ………………………………………………………………..
6) Next year I ……………………………………………………………………
2. What do you say in the following situations?
1) You are going to London for a week. Your mum is worried about you. You say: Don’t worry about me, Mum. I ……….every day.
2) Your sister promised to see you on Friday. It is Friday and you say to your husband: Don’t forget that my sister ………….
3) You want to know about your friend’s weekend plans. You ask:…………..at the weekend?
4) You parents are leaving to Moscow and you have to stay at home all the weekend and look after your little sister. You say to your friend: I…………………………….
5) Your friend will have a party on Friday, but you can’t come, because you have to read for your exam. So you say: I’m sorry I can’t come, because I………………….
6) Your Mum looks tired, you say: Sit down I …………………………some coffee.
3. One of the passengers, as he said was robbed at the airport. Fill in the gaps in his evidence. Where he could be robbed? Do you believe him? Give your reasons. Make up your own ending to the story.
At 15:00 I arrived at their airport, I looked at the …………which showed the ….. number AS 806, ……..times 18:30 and destination. Then I went to …….. to weigh my luggage. It was more than 20 kilos and I had to pay ……Then I went through ………where a custom official check my luggage and customs declaration. It was a business trip and I had 10000$ with me. There was a long queue at ……….and I spend 30 minutes before they could check my passport. After that I went to ……….to wait for my plain. There was a one-hour …… and I decided to buy some souvenirs in the duty free. There were so many departments and really cheap things that I spend two hours there. When I was ready to pay for the present I‘ve chosen for my family I came to a cash desk and open my case. To my horror there was no money at all. So I
4. Brain of Britain Quiz.
Do the test and see how much you know about this country.
1) What is the highest mountain in Great Britain?
a
)
Ben Nevis; b) McKinley; c) K2.
2. What is the approximate length of the Thames?
a) 209 km; b) 338 km; c)1076 km.
3. Who wrote “Winnie the Pooh” and “The House at Pooh Corner”?
a) W. Shakespeare; b) C. Wren; c) A. Milne
4. In what year did the Great Fire of London take place?
a) 1254; b) 666; c) 1666.
5. When was the first underground railway opened in London?
a)1957; b)1863; c)1334.
6. Where would you find Speakers’ Corner?
a) Hyde Park; b) Greenwich Park; c) Regent’s Park
7. How did King Charles I of England die?
a) He was beheaded; b) he was poisoned; c) he died a natural death.
8. Who was Lord Horatio Nelson?
a) British admiral; b) British writer; c) British king.
9. Where was William Shakespeare born and where did he die?
a) In London; b) in Stratford-upon-Avon; c) in York.
10. Which countries does Great Britain consists of?
a) England and Scotland b) England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland c) England and Northern Ireland.
11 What is the oldest university of Great Britain?
a) Cambridge; b) Oxford; c) University of London.
12. What is the oldest building in London?
a) Guildhall b) Westminster Abbey; c) St Paul’s Cathedral.
|
In this unit you will…
|
1.
Look at the picture (26).
What can you say about these people? What are they wearing? Are they happy?
What kind of celebration do they have? Use the key words from the box.
|
People: bride, groom, best man, bridesmaid, guest, photographer, flower girl, minister, toast-master, priest, couple, spouses. Clothes and accessories: wedding dress, veil, tuxedo, morning suit, ribbon, wedding bouquet, ring, garter. Places: chapel, church, registry office, altar. Expressions: get married, wedding ceremony, get engaged, hen party, stag night or bachelor party, pronounce, wedding march, sign the register, throw confetti and rice, wedding reception, cut the wedding cake, make a speech, honeymoon, decorated car, throw bouquet to, huge cars in the wedding procession, organize a luxurious event, obligatory part of the wedding, invite many guests, modest celebration, receive gifts, religious ceremony, secular event, exchange rings, wedding service, wedding night, divorce. |
2. Fill the gaps with the correct word. Use the words from the box.
In Britain people …………… either in church or in a …………. . There are special names of some of the people in the ……………… . The woman who is getting married is called the ……………. and the man is called the …………. . The man has a male friend with him called the ……………… and the …………… has some female friends called the ………………… It is traditional for the bride to wear a long white …………. and a white ………….. and to carry flowers in a ………… . The groom wears a ……….. or sometimes a …………… .
The groom arrives at the church first and waits inside, near the ...........…, with the ……………….. . Just before the …………………… begins, the …………… arrives at the church in a car with her father. The car is usually an expensive car decorated with ……………. .
When the bride and groom are together at the altar the …………… or ……………. begins the …………………… . During the service the bride and the groom exchange ……………………. . The ………… or ………… asks the bride and groom in turn: “Will you have this man/woman to be your wedded husband/wife?” At the end of the ceremony, the …………. or ……………. says: “I ……………… you man and wife”. The bride and groom then sign the ……………. .
Outside the church, the friends of the bride and groom throw …………… or ……… over them. Then everyone usually goes to a hotel for the ………………… , which is a special meal. During the meal the bride and groom cut the …………….. and give it to their ……………. .
Before the ……………… ends the bride and groom usually drive away to another hotel to spend their ………………. before beginning their ……………… .
3. Match the words on the left to the meanings on the right.
wedding reception a girl helping the bride
hen party a special jacket for a wedding’s celebration
garter a holiday for ‘just married’
toast-master a party given after the wedding ceremony
stag night (bachelor party) a part at the front of the church
register a man helping the groom
honeymoon a party before the wedding for a bride’s friends
tuxedo a man whose role is to entertain guests
wedding march a book for the official record of the marriage
bridesmaid a band worn round the leg
best man a party before the wedding for a groom’s friends
altar special music during a wedding ceremony
4. Put these pictures from p 60. in the proper order. Describe a wedding day of these people using the pictures and words from ex3 and 1.
5. Answer these questions. If possible discuss your answers with your group-mates.
1) Do you want to get married? Why? Why not?
2) When do you want to get married – between 18 and 21, between 22 and 25, between 26 and 30 or after 30?
3) What wedding would you like to have?
4) Would you organize a big celebration or would you prefer a modest ceremony?
5) What gifts do you want to receive for the wedding?
6) What dress/suit would you choose?
7) Where would you like to go for your honeymoon?
8) Is it important for you to have a religious ceremony in church or a secular event is enough?
9) In what country would you celebrate your wedding?
10) Should marriages between people of the same sex be legalized?
11) Are marriages for money a frequent thing in our time?
6. Describe the wedding of your parents, friends. If possible show some photographs. Pay attention to the clothes, guests, and wedding ceremony.
1
3
2
4
5
6
Grammar Focus
Presentation Modal Verbs
1. Read the poem below.
Mr. Fat asks Mrs. Slim
What he must eat to keep fit.
Mrs. Slim says that
Mr. Fat mustn’t eat cakes and sweets.
He can eat meat, but only a bit,
He can eat vegetables without any limit.
He should not drink coffee,
But he should drink milk.
He mustn’t eat chips between meals,
He should eat more fruit.
That’s healthy food!
By T. Ivanova
Look at the poem. Can you translate the verbs in italics? Use the information from the table, if necessary.
|
Modal Verbs |
Meanings |
|
Can
|
Asking for permission, giving permission, talking about permission, ability to do something. |
|
Must
|
Express obligation or necessity, authority comes from the speaker |
|
Have to
|
express obligation or necessity, authority comes from outside the speaker |
|
Should
|
necessity – advice |
See Grammar Summary on p. 116
2. Read the text about weddings in Indonesia. Pay attention to the modal verbs used in the text.