Czestochowa icon of Holy Mother, (Black Madonna), Poland
There was also folk
traditional decorative art of western Ukraine like carpets and Easter
eggs (known here as pisankas).
Sculpture was also popular in
the kingdom of Galicia-Volynia. Slating reliefs are widely used on
churches of Galych and Kholm of that time.
Miniature
manuscript
is also characteristic of these lands. “Dobrilovo
Evangelie”
(1164) is the most antient illustrated manuscript, which has 4
miniature paintings of gospellers. Ornaments, initial letters, head
ornaments are the main decorative elements of miniature manuscripts
here.
Jewellery
is often found among the treasures at archaeological excavations.
Rings, pendants (подвески),
bracelets and other jewellery prove how skillful Galicia-Volynian
goldsmiths and silversmiths were. They used different technologies,
such as casting (литье),
blacksmithing (ковка), stamping (чеканка), gilding
(позолота), and inlay (инкрустация).
Culture of
Galicia-Volynian Kingdom had great achievements. The samples of this
culture are amazing and perfect. Being the part of the Rus’
culture, it is obviously different, because of influence of local
conditions and neighbouring countries. Until 1340 Galicia-Volynia
enjoyed imdependent rule under Roman, his son Danylo, grandson Lev
and descendants, who kept the Mongols at bay and helped Lviv and
other cities to flourish. Political control was wrested from this
local dynasnty by the Poles and Lithuanians in the 1340s, who split
the kingdom between them and used it as a base to expand eastwards
into the areas of Ukraine, including Kyiv. However, its brief period
of early self-determination seems to have left Galicia-Volynia with a
particularly strong taste for Ukrainian nationalism, which is still
evident.