- •Методические указания для студентов по направлению
- •140100 Теплотехника и теплоэнергетика
- •1 The Paradigm Shift Reading
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •Idea, fundamental, theory, centre, system, mechanical, gravitation, industrial, energy, process, nature, revolution, construct, quantum, theory.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •2 Mikchail Lomonosov
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the following words:
- •Pronoun one Местоимение one
- •V. Translate the sentences. Mind one.
- •VI. Fill in the gaps with: one, ones.
- •VII. Discuss with your group-mates.
- •3 Fields and Forces
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •III. Read and translate the text.
- •4 Thomas Alva Edison
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •5 The science of electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •6 Michael Faraday
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Translate into Russian. Mind no:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •7 The Electric Charge Opposite Charges and Interactions
- •I. Read the following key words: lightning, characteristic, interaction, rod, positive, negative, opposite, comb, particles, cumulonimbus, thunder.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Read and remember the following instructions. What should you do to protect yourself from lightning?
- •8 Isaak Newton
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the infinitive.
- •V. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the infinitive constructions.
- •VI. Discuss in the group.
- •2. The theory of gravity.
- •9 Energy and its forms
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences:
- •V. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the passive voice:
- •VI. Translate into Russian in writing.
- •VIII. Discuss in the group.
- •10 Electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Arrange the scrambled words to make up sentences.
- •11 Electric power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate these sentences. Find predicates in the passive voice.
- •V. Complete the text with the correct form of the verb.
- •VI. Translate the following groups of words.
- •12 Direct current and alternating current
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VII. Answer the following words:
- •13 Difference between a.C. And d.C.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Define the following terms.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •I I. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Find antonyms among the following words:
- •VII. Complete the sentences using the correct variant.
- •VI. Give an English definition for the following terms:
- •Resistance and Resistivity
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences.
- •V. State to what part of speech the following words belong and translate them:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •14 Sources of energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •V. Now answer these questions.
- •VI. Match these different power plants to their description.
- •VII. Translate the following words and define their part of speech:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences.
- •15 Alternative energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Read what people say about different fuels and energy sources. What text is mainly about the following? Match the appropriate statement and the text.
- •VII. Questions for discussion:
- •16 Wind power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Match components 1-8 with their functions a-h with the help of this simplified diagram of a wind turbine.
- •Read the web page and answer the questions below.
- •VIII Try this quiz. What do you know about wind turbines?
- •17 Electric motors
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •Inside an Electric Motor
- •18 Heating system
- •I. Read the following words:
- •19 Electric Shock Safety Electric System
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VIII. Questions to the text:
- •I. Complete the warnings with the words in the box.
- •II. Work in pairs. Why do the signs below have different colours and shapes? Match the examples to the signs.
- •III. Complete the instructions with the words in the box.
- •IV. Write these signs in another way.
- •VII.Work in pairs. What safety rules are in your University?
- •Reference section Numbers, times and dates
- •Common Fractions (Простые дроби)
- •Decimal Fractions (Десятичные дроби)
- •Volume/Capacity
- •36.7 Find among the following words:
- •4. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with:
- •I. Read the manual for the solar panel…
VIII. Questions to the text:
In what air does the risk of electric shock increase?
When is the resistance of a live conductor much higher?
When does the danger of electric shock disappear?
What does the strength of current depend on?
What does an earthing system serve for?
What parts are termed dead (live)?
Supplementary reading
Rules and warnings
I. Complete the warnings with the words in the box.
don't might must mustn't |
1. You ______wear a hard hat on the building site.
2. _______ go through that door!
3. You________ wear safety gloves everywhere in the factory.
4. _______ touch that machine! It's very hot.
5. Be careful! High-voltage electricity. You______get an electric shock.
6. You______use your mobile phone here.
II. Work in pairs. Why do the signs below have different colours and shapes? Match the examples to the signs.
The safety signs below follow the ISO international standard. This standard is used in the EU because it has many different languages. There are three types of safety sign:
W ARNING SIGNS. These signs warn you about a danger. They say things like this: Warning. Danger. Be careful. Look out. There is a danger or hazard here. You might injure yourself. The signs are yellow and black in colour and triangular in shape. Here are some examples:
PROHIBITION SIGNS. These signs prohibit an action. They say: Do not do this. You must not do this. Never do this. The signs are red, white and black in colour and round in shape. Here are some examples:
MANDATORY ACTION SIGNS. These signs order you to do something. They say: Do this. You must do this. Always do this. These signs are blue and white in colour, and round in shape. Here are some examples:
|
III. Complete the instructions with the words in the box.
always do do not must mustn't never |
1.___________use a lighted match in this workshop.
2.___________wash your hands after using these chemicals.
3.___________ enter this small space.
4. You_________wear safety boots when you lift this.
5.____________not smoke in this factory.
6.You___________ touch this machine with bare hands. It's hot.
IV. Write these signs in another way.
Example: 1 Do not smoke here.
VII.Work in pairs. What safety rules are in your University?
Energy Jokes and Puns
(By George Sholin of the California Energy Commission)
1. Why is wind energy so popular?
Because it has a lot of fans.
2. Did you hear about foolish gardener?
He planted a light bulb and thought he would get a power plant.
3. What would a barefooted man get if he steps on an electric wire?
A pair of shocks.
4. What do you call a silly old man?
A fossil fool
5. What do cars driven late at night burn for fuel?
Midnight oil.
ACTIVE VOCABULARY |
|
access |
доступ |
adjust |
регулировать, приспосабливать |
advantage |
преимущество |
amount |
количество |
angle |
угол |
appliance |
прибор, устройство |
application |
применение |
apply |
применять |
attach |
прикреплять |
attract |
притягивать |
bar |
полоса; брусок |
blade |
лопасть |
both |
оба, обе |
bottom |
дно |
brake |
тормоз, тормозить |
break (broke, broken) |
ломать, прерывать |
bulb |
лампочка |
capacity |
емкость; способность |
carbon |
углерод |
carry |
нести, |
cause |
быть причиной; |
cell |
элемент |
charge |
заряд |
cheap |
дешевый |
circuit |
цепь, контур |
collide |
сталкиваться |
compete |
соревноваться |
conductivity |
проводимость |
conductor |
проводник |
connect |
соединять |
conservation |
сохранение |
consume |
потреблять |
contain |
содержать |
create |
творить, создавать |
cross-section |
поперечное сечение |
current |
ток |
damage |
повреждение |
degree |
градус |
deliver |
доставлять |
demand |
требовать |
desirable |
желаемый |
destroy |
разрушать |
determine |
определять |
devote |
посвящать |
direction |
направление |
distribution |
распределение |
drive (drove, driven) |
приводить в действие |
emergency |
непредвиденный случай; авария |
emit |
излучать, испускать |
empty |
пустой |
enable |
давать возможность |
engine |
двигатель |
equal |
равный, равняться |
equipment |
оборудование |
excess |
избыток |
expand |
расширяться |
expensive |
дорогой |
extend |
расширять; простирать(ся) |
field |
поле |
filament |
эл. Нить накала |
fission |
расщепление |
flow |
течь, протекать |
flux |
поток |
force |
сила |
fossil |
полезное ископаемое |
fraction |
частица, доля |
frequency |
частота |
fuel |
топливо |
furnish |
снабжать |
Gear-box |
коробка передач, коробка скоростей |
generate |
вырабатывать |
grid |
эл.энергетическая система |
heat |
тепло, греть |
horse-power (h. p.) |
мощность |
hub |
втулка, ступица |
hydrogen |
водород |
incandescent |
раскаленный |
include |
включать |
increase |
увеличивать |
inlet |
эл. ввод |
introduce |
представлять |
iron |
железо |
law |
закон |
light |
свет |
lightning |
молния |
link |
соединять |
load |
нагрузка |
magnitude |
величина |
maintain |
поддерживать, ухаживать |
major |
основной |
manner |
способ |
mean |
значить, |
measure |
измерять |
motion |
движение |
nacelle |
открытая кабина самолета |
needle |
игла, стрелка |
nucleus |
ядро |
numerous |
многочисленный |
opposite |
противоположный |
outstanding |
выдающийся |
overcome |
преодолевать |
particle |
частица |
pipe |
труба |
plant |
завод |
point |
точка; пункт, момент; вопрос |
pollute |
загрязнять |
possess |
обладать |
property |
свойство |
pull |
тянуть |
pump |
насос |
push |
толкать |
radiant |
излучающий |
range |
сфера, область, круг |
ray |
луч |
reach |
достигать |
receive |
получать |
remain |
оставаться |
repel |
отталкивать |
research |
исследование |
reverse |
обратный ход |
revolve |
вращаться |
rise (rose, risen) |
подниматься |
rod |
стержень, прут |
safety |
безопасность |
separate |
отделять |
shaft |
тех: вал, ось, шпиндель |
shell |
оболочка |
sink |
опускать, снижать; тонуть |
solve |
решать |
source |
источник |
state |
констатировать, утверждать |
steady |
устойчивый |
steam |
пар |
step |
эл. повышать напряжение |
store |
хранить, запасать |
strike (struck, struck) |
бить, ударять |
suitable |
подходящий |
supply |
снабжать |
tank |
емкость |
term |
называть |
thermal |
тепловой |
top |
вершина, верхняя поверхность |
transfer |
передавать |
valve |
клапан |
variable |
переменный |
wave |
волна |
wheel |
колесо |
wing |
крыло |
wire |
провод |