Post-text assignments

Exercise 4. Answer the questions.

1. What physicians did the medical schools train in the first part of the last century?

2. When did the trend towards producing more narrowly trained "'specialists" begin?

3. When were training programs in family medicine introduced?

4. What does a family doctor do if à serious illness develops or diagnosis is difficult?

5. How is a family doctor remunerated?

6. When was the World Organization of Family Doctors established?

7. Who may bесоmе a direct member of WONCA?

8. What is the object of WONCA?

9. What is the characteristic ойпейса1 practice in the countries where family medicine is not recognized?

10. What must the Family Doctor integrate?

Exercise 5. Translate into English.

Працювати лікарем, широко підготовлений спеціаліст, поратися з розповсюдженними проблемами, мети програми, всебічний медичний догляд, високо оцінена роль.

Exercise 6. Match what is in A to a world or phrase with an opposite meaning in B.

A B

1. broadly trained specialists	a) partial membership
2. to accept	b) to decrease
3. as he wishes	c) to reject
4. full membership	d) slowly
5. to support	e) against his will
6. to increase	f) to have a secondary role
7. to adopt	g) narrowly trained specialists
8. quickly	h) to have a minor role
9. to have a central role	i) to refuse
10. to have a valued role	j) to hinder

Exercise 7. Substitute the words and phrases in bold type by close in their meanings from the text.

1. In the first half оf the last century, the vast majority of physicians typically graduated from medical school and went directly into practice.

2. In the 1960s many governments began to found new medical schools to train morе specialist physicians.

3. In some countries, family doctors are only in the private sector.

4. Medical practice in some countries has become increasingly disease oriented, organ-system focused and hospital-based.

5. То meet people's needs, fundamental changes must take рlасе in the health саrе systems.

6. They resolved common problems seen in the community.

7. A tendency to produce mоrе narrowly trained "specialists" began аfter World War II.

8. The goal of these programs was to produce well-trained generalist physicians.

9. Now family or general practitioners are employed in office practice.

10. Family medicine does not play an important role in the health system.

Exercise 8. Put questions to underlined words.

1. The trend towards producing mоrе narrowly trained "specialists" began аfter World War II.

2. In the 1960s many governments began to establish new medical schools. to train more specialist physicians decreasing percentage of family doctors.

3. During the 1970s and 1980s universities and medical schools in a growing number of countries introduced training programs in family medicine.

4. The aim of these programs was to produce well-trained generalist physicians.

5. All countries have developed post-graduate training programs and process for certification of family physicians.

6. At present family or general practitioners are employed in office practice.

7. They provide emergency саrе.

8. The professional attention of a family doctor is available to everyone.

9. If a serious illness develops or diagnosis is difficult he may call in a consultant.

10. In 1972 representatives from 13 countries established the World Organization of Family Doctors.

Exercise 9. Write each fraction in numbers.

a. a half ________ f. five ninths ________

b. two quarters ________ g. one quarter ________

c. three fifths ________ h. five sixths ________

d. seven tenths ________ i. one third ________

e. an eighth ________ j. five sevenths ________

Exercise 10. Read the extract below from a news story. How many fractions can you find in words and numbers? Underline them.

A survey of dog owners by ‘My Friends’ dog food has found that over half of them let their dog sleep in their bedroom. Two thirds admit letting their ‘best friend’ sleep on the bed, with a third of these people letting the dog sleep on the bedroom floor. However, 1/10 of all those surveyed said they had to leave their dog in the kitchen overnight, because the dog’s snores kept them awake! A spokesman said, “This survey shows how dogs are treated as one of the family, with three out of five of owners allowing them in the bedroom”.

TEST

1. In most nations' efforts to provide health саrе to all their citizens physicians ....

а) have played a secondary role

b) have played a central role

с) have played no role

2. The trend towards producing mоrе narrowly trained "specialists" began ....

а) in the first half of the last century

Ь) before World War II

с) after World War II

3. The aim of specialty training programs in family medicine was to produce ....

а) narrowly trained specialists

b) well-trained generalist physicians

с) scientists and researchers in the field of medicine

4. The World Organization of Family Doctors was established ....

а) in 1972

b) in 1952

с) in 1982

5. The object of WONCA is ....

а) to train family doctors

b) to prohibit any research work in the field of medicine

с) to improve the quality of life of peoples of the world

6. Family doctors may work ...

а) only in the private sector

b) in the health system

с) both in the private sector and in the health system

7. Patients may choose the family doctor ....

а) against his will

b) they wish and if he agrees to attend them

с) they are advised

8. Countries where family medicine is not recognized as a specialty medical practice has become ....

а) increasingly disease oriented, organ-system focused and hospital-based

b) capable of providing comprehensive саrе

с) more closely connected with public health delivery

9. He may call … a consultant and get hospital treatment without reference … any outside authority.

a) of in

b) in to

c) in of

10. Family medicine is not recognized … specialty and does not have a valued role … the health system.

a) a with

b) as with

c) as in