Vocabulary:

maintenance – технічне обслуговування, експлуатація

civilian – цивільний

propulsion – рух уперед

to ally – з’єднувати

to be concerned – бути пов’язаним

essential – нагальний, невід’ємний

diversity – різноманіття

to grind – шліфувати

to pulverize – подрібнювати, розпиляти

appropriate – підходящий, прийнятний

to provide – надавати

harbor – порт, гавань

aqueduct – водопровід, канал

thorough knowledge – достатні знання

survey – обстеження, нагляд

coastal – прибережний

diverse – різноманітний, відмінний

consumer – споживач

fiber optics – оптичне скловолокно

distinctive features – відмінні риси

voltage – електрична напруга

direct current – постійний струм

alternating current – змінний струм

to reduce – зменшувати

loss – втрати

significant – видатний

advance – просування, випередження

adjusting – налаштуваня

circuit – схема, контур

scale – шкала, масштаб

explosive – вибухова речовина, вибуховий

unabated – неослаблений

prior to – попередній

capacitor – конденсатор

to assemble – збирати, монтувати

chassis – шасі, ходова частина

bulky package – єдиний модуль

equation – рівність

probability – ймовірність

distribution – розподіл

superseding – витіснення, заміна

copper cable – мідний провід

immunity – імунітет, привілей

interference – втручання, вплив, перешкоди

foremost – в першу чергу

pursue – слідувати

to regard – розглядати

realm – область

recovery – відновлення

purification – очищення

crude – необроблений

beneath – внизу, під

to entail – включати в себе, визначати

attendant – додатковий

steering – керування

gearing – запалювання

latch – замок

seat upholstery – оббивка сидіння

depot – склад

ordnance – артилерія

to supervise – керувати, наглядати, завідувати

tugboat – моторний човен

indented – призначений

to ground – базуватися

fission – розпад

to induce – породжувати

to yield – виробляти

to withstand – витримувати

fusion – злиття

disposal – контроль, право розпоряджатися

hazardous – небезпечний

eliminate – усувати

insurance – страхування

to be engaged in – бути залученим до

dense urban population areas – густонаселені міські райони

reclamation – відновлення

sanitation – санітарія

rural – сільський

vermin – шкідники, паразити

Task 11. Answer the questions according to the text.

1. What does aeronautical and aerospace engineering deal with? 2. What supplementary information can you add to characterize this field of engineering? 3. Are you fond of chemistry? Have you got this discipline in your time-table? 4. Try to describe chemical field of engineering nowadays. What is the main ecological trouble in its development? 5. What should people do to safe the environment? Is it really possible to stop the catastrophe? 6. Try to prove that civil engineering is the broadcast of the engineering fields. 7. In what way is civil engineering connected with environment protection? 8. What additional information can you give to describe this field of engineering? 9. What subject in the field of electrical and electronics engineering does your speciality deal with? 10. What are the distinctive features1 of this field of engineering? 11. Try to draw a difference between AC and DC motors. 12. What does electronics engineering deal with? 13. What are the modern trends in electronics research? 14. What do you know about control systems? 15. In what spheres are control systems used? 16. Can you characterize digital systems advantages in the sphere of modern technologies application? 17. What are the advantages in this sphere of engineering development? 18. What does the abbreviation VLSI mean? 19. Can you describe current trends in computer engineering? 20. What activities does this branch of engineering include? 21. What special and professional knowledge does a mining engineer have to require? 22. Try to prove that military engineering is an increasingly specialized science. 23. What engineers are called naval architects? 24. What specialized branch of knowledge must the marine engineer take into consideration? 25. What devices and methods do nuclear engineers develop? 26. Do you know what safety engineering deals with? 27. Is the branch of safety engineering connected with other fields of engineering? 28. Prove that the field of sanitary engineering deals with the environment protection. 29. If you are given the right to develop the program of sewage and other wastes recycling what ideas will your project contain?

Task 12. Are the following statements true or false?

1) Engineering is a term applied to the profession in which knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice is applied to the efficient use of the materials and forces of nature.

2) Paraprofessionals apply medical skills to biological problems.

3) Military engineering involve such work as providing facilities for living, irrigation and roads building.

4) The National Academy of Engineering was founded in 1959.

5) Civil engineering is connected with the environment protection.

6) Electronic engineering deals with the design of civil facilities and research of soils structure.

Task 13. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate words: civil engineering, aeronautics, diverse, circuits, chips, copper cable.

1) … is perhaps the broadest of the engineering fields, for it deals with the creation, improvement, and protection of the communal environment.

2) … deals with the whole field of design, manufacture, maintenance, testing, and use of aircraft for both civilian and military purposes.

3) Electrical and electronics engineering is the largest and most … field of engineering.

4) Much of the research in electronics is directed toward creating even smaller …, faster switching of components, and threedimensional integrated circuits.

5) Digital systems are replacing analog ones at the same time that fiber optics is superseding ….