4. Give Ukrainian equivalents for these phrases and make up 10 sentences using them:

Press institute, political turmoil, to claim, press law, to take measures, ownership, stipulation, criticism, reader, to encourage, suspension, to announce, periodical, to conduct a campaign, a meeting, negotiations, business, affairs, an orchestra.

5. What main problems connected with a profession of a journalist do you know? (Write about 300 words).

IV ВАРІАНТ

1. Read and translate the following text.

Journalism as a Stepping Stone

In short, journalism in Cambodia revealed itself as a harassing, devouring profession, a daily exercise of high acrobatics. The journalists were like tight rope dancers; dangers could occur at any time, dangers in breaking their journey, in looking back.

If they fell into step behind the government, their papers lost readers, which was financially disastrous. If they acted for the public good, they lost friends and laid themselves open to the anger of the men in power, who could and did take drastic measures. When the circulation of a paper increased quickly, this was hardly a sign of good health and prosperity, but rather a sign indicating that it would not long. A talented, dutiful journalist had no great promise for his own future.

However, journalism could lead to success, providing that one left profession. Many journalists became ministers. Some of them forgot their journalistic past very quickly once in public office.

2. Make up 10 questions to this text.

3. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English:

1. Он семь лет проработал в независимой газете, прежде чем ушел на пенсию.

2. Статьи для журнала "Итоги", которые она принесла, были великолепны.

3. На нашей последней встрече он рассказал о своей работе в газете.

4. Сколько места уделяет эта газета международным новостям?

5. Он решил изучать английский язык, так как ему нравится литература.

6. Этот учебник будет значительно отличаться от предыдущего. В нем поместят больше интересных развлекательных текстов.

7. Он еще не решил, какую профессию выберет, но я думаю, он будет

8. Как вы считаете, каков будет тираж вашей газеты через пять лет?

9. Когда-то этой газете не было равных, её коллектив стремился удовлетворить разнообразные интересы читателей.

10. На кого рассчитан журнал "Cosmopolitan"?

4. Give Ukrainian equivalents for these phrases and make up 10 sentences using them:

Decade, to promote, individual, newsprint, professionalization, report, press councils, indigenous materials, prosperity, frustration, economic recession, manipulation of the press, advertising, medium-sized newspapers, to flourish, poverty, to conduct affairs, an orchestra.

5. What are advantages and disadvantages of your profession (Write about 300 words).

V ВАРІАНТ

1. Read and translate the following text. Printing Technology

Asia represents an interesting mixture of printing technology, possessing some of the most and least sophisticated machinery.

Japan has about 20,000 printing shops doing about US$5 billion business yearly. Most Japanese newspapers use rather sophisticated equipment. Asahi, for example, has incorporated NELSON (News Editing and Layout System for Newspapers) which prepares from copy to final page proof with computers, graphic display terminals and high speed photo compositors.

Since 1959, Asahi has used facsimile transmission of their pages between Tokyo and Sapporo; however, there has been some resistance from other branches which do not want to be reduced to being mere distribution centers for Tokyo newspapers. The Hong Kong industry has been robust, especially with the demand for color printing.

Southeast Asian nations pushed ahead in the 1970s in printing technology, using imported presses from the United States, Europe or Japan to meet increased demands for better printing.