2. Translate the following words; make up 15 sentences using them:

to identify, timeliness, interpretation, account, newsworthy, sheer, appeal, magazine, newsreel, to point out, to assume, to intend, impact, immediacy, to shape smth., to outdate, contemporary, device, convention

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What is there in journalism that not usually present in the more leisurely types of writing?

2. How was journalism historically identified by society?

3. What a periodical must do to be considered a newspaper?

4. Who can be identified as “journalists”?

5. Can news reporting and commentaries delivered by television and radio be considered a form of journalism?

6. What is journalistic writing?

7. why can we say that journalism deals in immediacy?

8. what are the advantages and disadvantages of communicating news by means of electronic devices?

9. What evidence proves us that electronic and newspaper reporting can dominate the life of the world?

4. Define the part of speech of the underlined words.

V ВАРІАНТ

1. Read and translate the text: Sunday Papers – World’s Largest

By far the bulkiest newspapers published anywhere are the Sunday editions of American metropolitan newspapers. These mammoth publications wrapped in sections of coloured comics often contain more than 300 pages, nearly 4 pounds of reading matter covering everything from the current world crisis to interior decorating advice, theatrical notices, baseball scores, and weekly television logs.

There are two dozen such Sunday newspapers in the United States with 500000 or more circulation, and five with more than a million. Even these mammoth figures, however, are greatly exceeded by the circulation of several English Sunday papers, printed in London and distributed throughout the British Isles.

The Sunday paper is designed for family reading and is distinguished fron the daily editions by two elements: a huge feature “package” and bulk retail advertising. As a medium for late spot news, the Sunday paper is less important than the daily editions because relatively less news occurs on Saturday (which it is covering) than on weekdays. Much of the material in the news sections is of a feature and background nature, stories for which there is no space in the smaller daily editions. Many newspapers print part of their Sunday editions well in advance because of the difficulties of printing such huge issues on the available press equipment on publication date. Stripped-down, predate versions of the New York tabloid, containing the coloured comics and magazine features, are distributed to rural areas across the United States several days before publication day.

The Sunday editions of most newspapers have substantially larger circulation than the daily editions and sell for a higher price, sometimes more than double. Publishing a Sunday paper is a very expensive operation because of the heavy costs involved in buying the coloured comics and nationally syndicated magazine inserts and in preparing the abundance of locally created feature material, such as the weekly television log and the staff-edited local magazine feature section. Newsprint costs on bulky paper are very high. Many smaller newspapers find such a publishing effort unprofitable, especially since they must compete against the metropolitan editions which are distributed over very wide circulation zones. As a result the Sunday field is dominated by the big-city newspapers which can afford to enter it; for most of them it is very lucrative, providing a substantial share or their annual profits.

Department stores have found Sunday editions to be one of their most effective selling tools. The paper is read at home in leisurely surroundings, and almost every member of the family pursue at least one part of edition as it is scattered around the living-room floor. So the stores put a heavy share of their advertising budget into thr Sunday edition, often taking multiple pages or even entire eight-page sections to publicize their wares.