7. The verbs below can all be used to form nouns. Find in the text the nouns which have related meanings and make up jour own sentences with them:

Example: To lead — a leader (n.) e.g.

Who is the leader of the political party?

To amend, to negotiate, to vote, to ratify, to regulate, to vote, to ratify, to advise, to agree, to treat, to advise, to appoint, to legislate

8. Who's the Chief? Match a line a with a line b

A

B

a) the House of Commons	1) the President
b) the House of Lords	2) the Speaker
c) the Great Britain and Northern	3) the Lord Chancellor
Ireland	4) the Prime Minister
d) the USA	5) the British Sovereign
e) Ukraine
f) The British Commonwealth of Nations
g) The UK government

9. Rewrite the following sentences as in the example:

A. Example: The men who work in the Procurator's Office are my colleagues.

— The men working in the Procurator's Office are my colleagues.

1. The United States of America is a federal republic that consists of 50 states. 2. The head of state is the monarch who reigns. 3. Several amendments to the Bill of Rights were adopted that abolished slavery and provided for an income tax. 4. Congress has powers in domestic affairs which include the power to regulate commerce among states. 5. The federal court system in the USA which includes the Supreme Court, courts of appeal, district courts and special courts, is rather different from any other court system we have already studied. 6. The lawyer who is announcing the sentence is a judge. 7. The unknown man who is following us looks like a criminal.

B. Example: When she heard the strange noise, she turned around.

— Hearing the strange noise she turned around.

1. When I looked through the report on the presidential budget I realized everything. 2. When the President said about the victims he thought about his own family. 3. When they recognized his voice on the cassette, they became suspicious. 4. When the stranger saw the congressman, he demanded to stop. 5. When I went out of the court, I remembered I was going to visit the Library of Congress.

6. When they pass a law they always think if it violates the US Constitution.

7. When I realized what had happened, I called the police.

C. Example: I read the article and made notes.

— I read the article making notes.

1. The senator looked at me and smiled. 2. At the time of negotiations I spoke and trembled. 3. The judge told about his youth and showed old pictures with blood on them. 4. He turned over the pages of voting forms and counted the number of votes for his elector. 5. The President was making his speech and looked at the audience. 6. They looked through the presidential budget requests and made notes.

10. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.

1. People appeased the gods in ritualistic ceremonies ending in sacrifice or expulsion of the wrongdoer. 2. Numerous administrative agencies now make rules that deal with all kinds of activity, including licensing and protection of health. 3. Recently there have been continuous debates regarding the legitimacy of government intervention in matters of birth control. 4. In the 6^th century a commission consolidated all sources of law including the opinions of great legal scholars. 5. All criminal trials in Britain are held before a judge and a jury consisting of 12 ordinary people. 6. Looking back over English legal history it is plain to see that the old local customs at and around the time of the Norman Conquest are the historical source of the common law. 7. When emerging from the Lords the Bill may be amended. 8. Being the most serious offences, these cases are always tried by federal court judges.