2. Make up your own sentences of the same model. Use the verbs from the list of active vocabulary. Write them down.

3. Make the English sentences from Ex. 1 interrogative and negative. Follow the example.

Example:

He has won the first prize.

Has he won the first prize?

He has not (hasn’t) won the first prize.

4. Read the text about Summerhill. Pick up the sentences with the Present Perfect Tense Form and translate them. Text b

This is Mr. O’Neil’s, the headmaster’s story of a modern school.

Summerhill was started as an experimental school. It has become a demonstration school, which shows that freedom works.

When we started the school, we had one main idea - to make the school fit the child - instead of making the child fit the school. Obviously, a school that makes active children sit at desks studying mostly useless subjects is a bad school.

Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children freedom to be themselves. In order to do this, we have given up all discipline, all direction, all suggestion, all moral training, all religious instruction. It did not require courage. All it required was what we had - a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil, being.

My view is that a child is innately wise and realistic. Logically, Summerhill is a place in which people who have the innate ability and wish to be scholars will be scholars; while those who are only fit to sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But we have not produced a street cleaner so far. Although I would rather see a school produce a happy street cleaner than a neurotic scholar.

What is Summerhill like? Well, for one thing, lessons are optional. Children can go to them or stay away from them for years if they want to. There is a timetable - but only for the teachers. The children have classes usually according to their age, but sometimes according to their interests. We have not involved new methods of teaching, because we do not consider them significant.

Summerhill is possibly the happiest school in the world. We very rarely have fights because children when free have much less hate to express than children who are under pressure. Hate causes hate, and love produces love.

Love means approving of children and that is essential in any school. You can't be on the side of children if you punish them and shout at them. Summerhill is a school in which the child knows that he or she is approved of. The function of the child is to live his own life, not a life a teacher or a parent thinks is best. All their interference only produces a generation of robots.

Notes : innately- природжено

I would rather see … - я б швидше побачив

scholar - вчений

for one thing – насамперед

5. Answer the questions to the text.

1. What kind of school is Summerhill?

2. What idea did Mr. O’Neil have when they started the school?

3. What school, to Mr. O’Neil’s opinion, is a bad school?

4. Who is it good for?

5. Why were the schools Mr. O’Neil taught in bad schools?

6. What was the basic thing they allowed the children in Summerhill?

7. What did they have to do to achieve this?

8. What did such a step require?

9. What is Mr. O’Neil’s view of the child?

10. How do they develop human abilities?

6. Work in pairs. Ask each other your own questions and answer them.

7. Do you like the idea of Summerhill? What do you agree with and what not? Would you like your future child to study in such kind of a school? Why or why not? Work with your partner. Ask him the same questions.

8. Give your idea of a perfect school. Write down a passage to convey your idea.

9. Read this email from Steve, a Vice Headmaster, who is in Ukraine on a business trip. Complete the email by choosing the correct alternative from A, B, C or D below.

Mr. Evans

Sorry I haven’t contacted you (1)………. last week, but I’ve been very busy. I’ve (2)……… to Lviv in the west of Ukraine (3)………. a few days, and I’ve (4)……… returned to my hotel in Kyiv, from where I’m sending you this email. I visited several schools when I was in Lviv and some of them look quite promising. I’ve (5)……… met their students and I’ve got their approval of exchange with our school. By the way their English is quite good.

Unfortunately I haven’t met the guy in charge (6)……... . He wasn’t there – he’s (7)……… to Drohobych and should be back next week.

So, the trip has been successful (8)…….. . Have you (9)………been to Central Europe? Everything is changing very fast – I’ve (10)……… seen so much building work going on. Anyway I’ll email you again later in the week to let you know what’s happening.

Regards, Steve

1	A for	B since	C just	D so far
2	A going	B gone	C being	D been
3	A for	B since	C already	D so far
4	A now	B been	C just	D so far
5	A yet	B already	C always	D ever
6	A just	B already	C now	D yet
7	A going	B gone	C being	D been
8	A so far	B yet	C just	D now
9	A yet	B since	C ever	D never
10	A yet	B since	C ever	D never