А. Г. Минченков

употребление неличных форм глагола в английском языке

учебное пособие

В учебном пособии представлено современное описание неличных форм английского глагола (инфинитива, герундия, причастия). Оно состоит из двух частей - теоретической и практической. В теоретической части описаны формы и особенности употребления неличных форм в современном английском языке. Сложный материал представлен в доступной форме. Практическая часть включает в себя разнообразные виды упражнений, обеспечивающих прочное усвоение предложенного в первой части материала. Пособие может быть использовано на занятиях по практической грамматике, а также для самостоятельной работы студентов.

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А. Г. Минченков

Употребление неличных форм глагола в английском языке. - СПб.: ООО "Издательство "Химера", 2001. - 144 с.

Isbn 5-8168-0059-0

© А. Г. Минченков, 2001

© ООО "Издательство "Химера", 2001

Contents

THE VERBALS 5

THE INFINITIVE 6

1. FORMS 6

2. STRUCTURES WITH THE INFINITIVE 11

1. Objective Infinitive Construction 12

2. Subjective Infinitive Construction 14

3. The For-to-lnfinitive Construction 15

3. FUNCTIONS OF THE INFINITIVE 16

1. Subject 16

2. Predicative 17

3. Part of a compound verbal modal predicate 18

4. Part of a compound verbal aspect predicate 18

5. Object 19

6. Attribute 23

7. Adverbial modifier 23

8. Parenthesis 26

4. THE SPLIT INFINITIVE 26

THE GERUND 27

1. FORMS 28

2. STRUCTURES WITH THE GERUND 29

3. FUNCTIONS 30

1. Subject 30

2. Predicative 30

3. Part of a compound verbal aspect predicate 31

4. Object 32

5. Attribute 37

6. Adverbial modifier 38

THE PARTICIPLES 39

1. FORMS 39

2. STRUCTURES WITH THE PARTICIPLES 40

1. Objective Participial Construction 41

2. Subjective Participial Construction 42

3. Absolute Participial Construction 42

3. FUNCTIONS 44

1. Attribute 44

2. Adverbial Modifier 47

3. Predicative 50

4. Parenthesis 51

4. MISRELATED PARTICIPLE 51

PRACTICE SECTION 52

THE INFINITIVE 52

THE GERUND 88

THE PARTICIPLES 118

135

REVIGION

PREFACE

This book is intended for upper-intermediate and advanced students. It consists of two parts - a grammar section and a practice section. The grammar section is a comprehensive survey of forms, structures and functions of the verbals (non-finite forms of the verb) with a special emphasis on their use in modern English. The use of the verbals is illustrated with numerous examples.

The exercises contained in the practice section are based on authentic examples taken from the English fiction of the second half of the 20th century and newspapers published in the 1990s. The exercises follow the corresponding units in the grammar section, so, before doing them, students should study the relevant rules and examples in the grammar section. Students are also advised to use English dictionaries, which may be necessary both when they are studying the grammar units and when they are doing the exercises.

THE VERBALS

According to their functions in a sentence verb forms can be classified into finite and non-finite. The finite forms perform the function of the predicate. The non-finite forms, sometimes called verbals, can perform various functions in a sentence except that of the simple verbal predicate.

The verbals include the Infinitive, the Gerund and the Participle. The verbals have some features in common. First, they can show whether an action expressed by a verbal is simultaneous with the action expressed by the finite verb, or precedes it. To denote precedence we use perfect forms of the verbals. Second, all the verbals can be used:

a) singly: • Annoyed, she went out of the

room

(single participle II).

b) in a phrase: • She spent whole days reading

books

(participle I in a phrase).

c) in a predicative construction: • She noticed him look back

(infinitive construction) = She noticed that he looked back.

The verbals used in a construction are in predicate relation to a noun or a pronoun, that is in relation similar to that between the subject and the predicate.

Минченков А. Г.