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5. Define the tense form of the predicate of each sentence and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:

  1. Many experiments have been conducted to improve the qualities of grey iron castings.

  2. Malleable iron can be cast into large bodies.

  3. Coke, coal, oil, and gas were used as fuels for melting metals.

  4. The new alloy promises to be very useful in machine-building.

  5. The properties of this alloy are to be discussed.

  6. Different kinds of moulding sand are required to make mould for different metals.

6. Comment on the forms of the Infinitives.

  1. When I go on holiday, I ask Mum to look after my houseplants.

  2. In the morning Mr. Dulton was nowhere to be seen.

  3. He seemed to be reading my mind.

  4. You have your own life to consider.

  5. The agent must have misunderstood the chief.

  6. He was witty and clever and he made me laugh.

  7. But what kind of rules might be required?

  8. They seem to have been fighting all their lives.

  9. The manuscript appears to have been written in Greek.

  10. This is a date still to be agreed.

7. Complete each sentence with one of these verbs: use, post, buy, get, be

  1. Don’t forget … the letter I gave you.

  2. There was a lot of traffic but we managed … to the airport in time.

  3. Jill has decided not … a car.

  4. We’ve got a new computer in our office. I haven’t learnt … it yet.

  5. I wonder where Sue is. She promised not … late.

8. Make a new sentence using the verb in brackets.

Model: He has lost weight. (seem) He seems to have lost weight.

  1. Tom is worried about something. (appear) Tom appears…

  2. You know a lot of people. (seem) You…

  3. My English is getting better. (seem) …

  4. That car has broken down. (appear) …

9. Combine two sentences into one using the Infinitive.

Model: Professors and teachers help us. We develop our abilities in a certain field of engineering or science. à Professors and teachers help us to develop our abilities in a certain field of engineering or science.

  1. The students carry on research work. They want to be better prepared for work in industry.

  2. The system of higher education permits this. The students get whatever qualification they need.

  3. Students alternate full-time studies with one or more periods of practical work. Sandwich courses enable that.

  4. Sandwich courses help the students. The students get used to working with others.

  5. The chief engineer of the plant knows this experiment. The experiment is very efficient.

10. Translate into English.

  1. Чорні метали складаються з заліза, сполученого з вуглецем, силіконом, фосфором та іншими елементами.

  2. Метали звичайно плавляться та відливаються у форми, які мають назву форми для литва.

  3. Вироби з литва використовуються для виробництва двигунів, літаків та інших виробів.

  4. Чавун – найдешевший конструкційний матеріал, який використовується в машинобудуванні.

  5. Сталь містить від 0.05 до 1.7 відсотків вуглецю.

  6. Конструкційні матеріали використовуються у промисловості як сплави.

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