1. Find equivalents in the text:

1. leaving a job at the age of 55(60)

2. give some preference to

3. person who supervises the company

4. form of reorganizing of the company

5. document containing agreements of schedule of work, salary, duties of employee and employer

6. person who has not got any job

7. improving of company’s activity

8. trying to find a job

9. to choose

10. to work from 8 a.m. till 6 p.m.

2. Finish the following sentences

1. One important lesson is that every….

2. It is also true that fixed-term contracts….

3. Since the beginning of the 1990s……

4. You know that you are going to the office…..

5. In the 70s and 80s, most managers……

6. The result is that large numbers of unemployed managers……..

7. The reason for making managers redundant………

8. For those who are over fifty years……….

9. The recession of the late 1980 and early 1990s…….

10. What can a manager ……..

C. Choose the right variant

1. In the 70s and 80s, most managers expected

1. to change several jobs until retirement;

2. to continue working until retirement at sixty or sixty-five;

3. that their salary would be increased.

2. What can ……………do in this situation?

a) unemployed director;

b) a worker;

c) a manager

3. The reason for making managers redundant is a company

a) buy out;

b) restructuring;

c) buy out or restructuring.

4. The recession of the late 1980s and early 1990s caused

a) many redundancies;

b) inflation;

c) recession.

5. But it is also true that fixed term contracts become more popular, and many companies prefer….

a) experienced directors;

b) younger managers;

c) younger directors.

6. The result is that……………. are still looking for work now

a) large numbers of unemployed managers ;

b) large numbers of unemployed directors;

c) large numbers of experienced directors.

7. And for those………………, it is not certain that they will find full-time employment again.

a) who are over thirty years old;

b) who are over fifty years old;

c) who are over forty years old.

8. One important lesson is that every

a) manager must be ready for change;

b) manager must have several qualifications;

c) manager must not worry about his work at all.

9. Since the beginning of the 1990s, many managers in their forties and fifties

a) have retired;

b) were fired;

c) have lost their jobs.

10. You know that you are going to the office tomorrow morning,

a) but you can be certain that your job will exist a year from now.

b) but you can not be certain that your job will exist a year from now;

c) but you can loose your job next day.

D. Answer the following questions

1. What did most managers expect in the 70s and 80s?

2. How did the situation change in the beginning of the 1990s?

3. What is the reason for making managers redundant?

4. What factors caused many redundancies of the late 1980 and early 1990s?

5. What kind of contracts do many companies prefer now?

6. Did company prefer to hire old managers or not?

7. What is the result of company’s hiring younger managers?

8. What must every manager be ready for?

9. Does the situated described in the text exist in Ukraine?

10. Do you agree with the advice given at the end of the text?

11. Can you give any other advice?