6. Обстоятельство:

Герундий в функции обстоятельства употребляется всегда с предлогом:

Тема 5: Налогообложение (8 ч.) 1

Objectives of taxation 2

Тема 6.1.: Виды страхования. Страхуемый риск. (6 ч.) 6

The insured and an insurable risk 7

Тема 6.2.: Контракт (6 ч.) 9

The assumption of contractual obligations 10

The performance of contractual obligations 10

Форма контроля КСР: 19

Тест 1. 19

for the purpose of с целью, для того чтобы и т.д.

и обычно переводится существительным с предлогом, деепричастием несовершенного или совершенного вида или глаголом в личной форме (в функции сказуемого) в составе придаточного предложения:

Не left the meeting without saying a word.

Он покинул собрание, не сказав ни слова.

Герундий употребляется после следующих глаголов и выражений:

to deny	отрицать
to put off	откладывать
to delay	откладывать
to postpone	откладывать
to excuse	извинять
to propose	предлагать
to give up	бросать
to require	требовать
to leave off	переставать
to need	нуждаться в
to suggest	предлагать
to like	нравиться
to burst out	разразиться
to hate	ненавидеть
to finish	заканчивать
to forgive	прощать
to go on	продолжать

to keep (on) to stop to forget to feel like to look like to enjoy it’s no use cannot help

продолжать

прекращать

забывать

хотеть

выглядеть

получать удовольствие бесполезно не могу не

и некоторых других глаголов и выражении.

7. После глаголов to stop, to remember, to forget, to want, to go on, to regret, to be afraid of, to hate, to be sorry for и т.д. может употребляться как герундий, так и инфинитив. Разница лишь в значениях.

Can we stop here to admire the view ?

Можем ли мы остановиться здесь, чтобы полюбоваться этим видом? (временное прекращение, чтобы начать новое действие).

Не stopped studying and switched on the TV. Он перестал заниматься и включил телевизор (прекращение действия).

I want to go home.

Я хочу пойти домой (желание).

These windows want cleaning.

Эти окна нужно помыть.

• to be sorry to (+ Infinitive)

I was sorry to hear that.

Мне жаль это слышать (сожаление)

• to be sorry for (+ Gerund)

She was sorry for yelling at him.

Она извинилась, что накричала на него (извинение).

Please, remember to feed the dog.

Пожалуйста, не забудьте покормить собаку (напоминание что-то сделать).

I don’t remember seeing him at the party.

Я не могу забыть встречи с ним на вечеринке (воспоминание).

Try to throw the ball into the basket.

Попытайся забросить мяч в корзину (сделать попытку).

Try cooking this meat.

Попробуй приготовить это мясо (сделать что-то в качестве эксперимента).

• go on + to-inf (прекратить что-либо делать и начать делать что-либо ещё)

Не cleaned the yard and then went on to water the flowers.

Он убрал двор и затем продолжил поливать цветы.

• go on + Gerund (продолжение действия)

We went on dancing until we got tired.

Мы продолжали танцевать пока не устали.

EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.

1. I’ll lend you the book when I’ve finished ... it. breading 2. being

2. Do you go on ... in the sea?

1. swimming 2. robbing

3. They suggested ... dinner in an Indian restaurant.

1. watching 2. having

4. Robert gave up ... football two years ago.

1. playing 2. going

5. The men admitted ... the bank.

1. robbing 2. going

6. I really don’t mind ... the housework.

1. doing 2. reading

7. I didn’t feel like ... out last night, so I stayed at home.

1. playing 2. going

8. Would you mind ... so much noise? I am trying to study.

1. robbing 2. not making

9. I normally try to avoid ... money.

1. having 2. borrowing

10. Since she moved from London, she misses ... able to see all her friends there. 1. being 2. having

Exercise 2. Выберите правильный вариант ответа (Gerund или Infinitive)

1. Не was happy ... he had been promoted.

1. hearing 2. to hear 3. hear

2. Please remember ... the plants while I am away.

1. to water 2. watering 3. water

1. would rather ... an early night walk,

1. have 2. to have 3. having

4. It is difficult... foreign languages.

1. learning 2. to learn 3. learn

4. The telephone rang, but I went on ... .

1. to read 2. reading 3. read

4. I suggest... the cinema to find out what time the film begins.

1. calling 2. to call 3. call

4. Stop ... that noise.

1. to make 2. making 3. make

1. look forward to ... the art work in the museums, l.see 2. seeing 3. to see

9. She doesn’t mind ... long hours.

1. working 2. to work 3. work

9. I would like ... our new manager, Mr Burns.

1. to introduce 2. introducing 3. introduce

Exercise 3. Выберите правильный вариант ответа (Gerund или Infinitive)

1. John sang a song and then went on ... tea.

1. to drink 2. drinking 3. drink

2. I am sorry for ... at you.

1. to shout 2.shouting 3. shout

3. I watched the plane ... and then left.

1. take off 2. to take off 3. taking off

4. She noticed the woman ... the corner.

1. turn 2. to turn

5. Will you let me ...this book?

1. read 2. to read 3. reading

6. Sandra was the last... at the dance recital.

1. to perform 2. perform 3. performing

7. I had been working for several hours, then I stopped ... a rest.

1. to have 2. having 3. have

8. I wanted ... the carpenter to come.

1. to ask 2. asking 3. ask

9. Try ... the fish before offering it to the guest. It will be tastier.

1. to warm 2. warming 3. warm

10. This film is worth ....

1. to see 2. seeing 3. see

Exercise 4. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Нет смысла делать перерыв. Работы очень мало.

2. Он настаивал на том, чтобы товары были упакованы в ящики (case).

3. Он не выносит, когда ему лгут.

4. Он начал с рассказа о том, как нашел нас.

5. Он никак не мог привыкнуть к мысли, что ему придется остаться там еще на полгода.

6. Забудьте об этом, не стоит из-за этого так огорчаться.

7. Она не возражает, чтобы вы присутствовали на ее уроке.

8. Он никогда не упоминал, что встречался с вами в Лондоне.

9. Оставалось очень мало надежды найти его.

10. Дождь прекратился?

Форма контроля КСР:

1. Собеседование по лексическим темам:

Налогообложение.

Виды страхования.

Контрактные обязательства.

2. Грамматический тест по теме «Герундий».

Тест 1.

1. She disapproved of Mrs. Oxley as a secretary.

a) engaging b) being engaged

c) to engage d) to engaging

2. Would you mind to the library with me?

a) to come up b) being come up

c) coming up d) to coming up

3. He called for George and instructed him to continue the number until he got a reply.

a) being rung b) ring

c) to ringing d) ringing

4. The room needs .

a) cleansing b) being cleansed

c) to cleanse d) to cleansing

5. The novel isn't worth .

1. being read b) reading

c) to read d) read

6. “You have helped me by what is in the room,” said Poirot.

1. showing b) having shown

c) to show d) to showing

7. Her parents objected to her to Paris to study painting.

1. going b) being gone

c) to go d) go

8. Bob's paintings deserve .

1. praising b) praise

c) to praise d) being praised

9. I insisted on his to hospital.

1. taking b) take

c) to taking d) being taken

10. She accused me her home.

1. being broken up b) of break

c) of breaking up d) to breaking up

11. I stopped television, because the film was boring.

1. to watch b) watching

c) watch d) to watch

12. 1 stopped him, but he didn't notice me.

1. to greet b) greeting

c) greet d) to greeting

13. My father promised me a computer.

1. to buy b) buying

c) buy d) to have bought

14. I suggested a CD for his birthday.

1. to buy b) to having bought

c) buying d) to buying

15. 1 advise you tickets in advance.

1. book b) booking

c) to booking d) to book.

Тест 2.

1. It’s no use ... over split milk.

1. to cry c) cry

2. crying d) of crying

2. The car stopped ... up a hitch-hiker.

1. to picking c) to pick

2. picking d) in picking

3. The actress wore dark glasses ....

1. not to recognize c) not recognizing

2. not being recognized d) not to be recognized

4. I offered ... her with the dishes but she refused.

1. helping c) to help

2. to helping d) having helped

5. They like ... you before they give you a loan.

1. to interview c) to have interview

2. interviewing d) having interviewed

6. I’d rather ... off the TV. It’s getting on my nerves.

1. to turn c) turning

2. to be turning d) turn

7. She’s beginning ... why she can’t have her own way.

1. understanding c) to understand

2. to understanding d) to be understanding

8. I regret... you that your services are no longer required.

1. telling c) having told

2. to have told d) to tell

9. If he thinks he’s capable ... a house of his own, he is living in a fantasy world.

1. to be building c) building

2. to build d) of building

10. Bill is a good driver and he likes ....

1. to show off c) to showing off

2. showing off d) to be shown off

11. They stopped ... fax machines about 5 years ago.

1. to make c) making

2. to making d) make

12. I am thinking of... to Brazil.

1. going c) to go

2. go d) to be going

13. He isn’t good at ... his car.

1. drive c) having been driven

2. driving d) drove

14. I heard someone ... the door.

1. opening c) to open

2. open d) of opening

15. I propose ... about their behaviour.

1. complain c) to complain

2. complaining d) to complaining