- •Unit 1 Part 1. Economy and Industry of Ukraine
- •1. Read the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Write the plural form of the following nouns. Pay attention to the spelling rules.
- •Part 2. Industry of Great Britain
- •1. Read the following words:
- •3. Translate the following words and word combinations into
- •4. Translate the following words and word combinations into English:
- •5. Fill in the gaps using the above text.
- •6. Put have/has or have got/has got into the given sentences.
- •7. Write the questions that go with the following answers.
- •8. Put as many questions to each sentence as possible.
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. Answer the following questions. There is just one correct answer to each of them.
- •4. Fill in the gaps with the proper word from the text.
- •5. Translate the following words into Ukrainian:
- •6. Translate the following words into English:
- •7. Refer the given sentences to Past Indefinite. Make up all kinds of questions to each of the sentences.
- •8. Divide the following infinitives into two columns and give their second and third forms.
- •Part 3. Simple and Complex Machines
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. A) Answer the following questions to the first part of the text
- •4. Think of the meaning of the following words. Explain them in English. Use the dictionary if necessary.
- •Part 4. The Best Cars in the World
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •3. Answer the following questions.
- •10. Make up sentences with each of the following
- •Part 5. Robots - Ideal Workers
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Read and translate the text:
- •4. Match the questions in column a with the answers in column b.
- •5. Will you agree with the following statements? Give your reasons.
- •Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •7. Make up all possible word combinations and translate them.
- •8. What is necessary to create moving robots? Fill in the following table:
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text
- •Part 2. Facts about Forces
- •1. Read the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
- •5. Find English equivalents to the following words in the text
- •6. Match the following modal verbs with their equivalents.
- •8. Choose the proper example.
- •Part 3. Metals
- •1. Read and translate the following words and words-combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text. Memorize words:
- •3. Fill in the gaps using the text:
- •4. Translate the following words into English:
- •6. Make up Passive tense forms with the following words:
Part 2. Facts about Forces
1. Read the following words and word combinations:
Force, meanings, scientist, definition, accelerate, complicated, gravity, interplanetary, weight, friction, switches, repel, however, electromagnetic, distance
2. Read and translate the text.
Force is a word that has lots of different meanings and different uses. For instance, there is electrical force, the force of gravity, and the force of magnetism. Nuclear force holds atoms together. Another kind of force is mechanical force. The word force means a push or a pull, or to be a little bit more scientific, it means anything that causes the shape or motion of an object to change. The amount of force is measured in units called newtons, named after the scientist Sir Isaac Newton (definition of a Newton: the force required to accelerate a one kilogram object by one meter per second squared).
Force and Motion. Force and motion describe everyday things that are happening all the time. Hundreds of times every day, you use force and motion. Did you just pick up a pencil? - Force and motion. Did you turn a page? - Force and motion. Force and motion are also parts of a complicated branch of science, called physics. Motion means moving something from one place to another. In fact, the word motion is a form of the word move.
Newton's Three Laws of Motion. Sir Isaac Newton is well known for his three laws of motion as well as for other scientific breakthroughs. Here are Sir Isaac Newton's three laws of motion.
Law 1 - An object moving in a straight line will continue moving in a straight line, unless acted on by an outside force. Also, an object at rest will stay at rest. The word for this is inertia.
Law 2 - Force will cause a change in the motion of an object. The change in motion depends on the amount of force and the mass of the object. There is a formula for this F=ma (force equals mass times acceleration).
Law 3 - For each action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Sir Isaac did some similar experiments when he was testing out his theories.
Gravity is not just a force on planet Earth. Each planet has its own gravity, and each planet's gravity is different. Here on Earth we measure gravity using a scale. Your weight is the measure of gravity's pull on you. Scientists often like to use the word mass instead of weight. For everyday matters, here on Earth, your weight and your mass are the same, but that is not true everywhere! If you ever become an interplanetary traveler, you will see that your weight is different on each planet. This is because a planet's gravity is determined by its own size, or mass. The force of gravity also depends on how close an object is to the center of the planet.
Friction. What is the difference between socks and sneakers? OK - there are a lot of differences, but one difference is that sneakers have a lot more friction than socks. Friction is the force that happens when two things rub together. The effect of friction is usually to slow you down. With less friction, you can move more easily. With more friction, you have to work harder to move the same distance, because the friction slows you down.
Magnetism is the force by which objects are attracted to other objects or repelled by other objects. Magnets have two opposite ends, called poles. The north pole of one magnet will repel, or push away, the north pole of another magnet. The same thing will happen with two south poles. However, the north pole of one magnet will attract, or pull toward itself, the south pole of another magnet ("opposites attract"). Magnetism involves electrons and electricity. This is a complicated topic. Scientists in this field study things like physics, electromagnetic theory, and quantum mechanics. All of these topics depend on advanced mathematics. Electricity is often used to make one type of magnet, called an electromagnet. Electromagnets are made from copper wire coiled around a core. When the current stops, the magnetism stops too. Electromagnets have many practical uses. They are used in relays and switches, computer disc drives, tape drives, speakers, and power door locks. MRI machines in hospitals use magnetism to make a picture of the inside of your body.