Dialogue 1

Dialogue

Place of origin

Region

Compared with

1

2

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

1. to come from / to be from - происходить, быть родом откуда-либо: e.g. Edna comes from a small town in the south of England. / Where does this woman come from?

2. What about you/him/her? – А ты (вы)/он/она? e.g. John is a university student. – And what about his girl-friend?

3. What is it like? – Ну и как там? e.g. I was in Brighton last summer. – What is it like? – It’s beautiful.

4. I’d say so. – Да, пожалуй. e.g. Is London as beautiful as Paris? – Yes, I’d say so.

5. root – корень (в т.ч. в переносном значении): e.g. Don’t forget about your roots.

Prepositions

in the South of (England) – на юге (Англии)

to the North of Moscow – к северу от Москвы, на север от Москвы

by the sea – на море, у моря, BUT: by the river – у реки; on the Volga – на Волге

on the coast – на побережье

Country

Adjective

Language

Capital

Russia

Russian

Russian

Moscow

Finland [’fInlRnd]

Finnish

Finnish, Swedish

'Helsinki

Sweden [’swi:dn]

Swedish

Swedish

Stockholm

[’stOkhoum]

Norway [’nO:weI]

Norwegian

[nO:’wi:dGRn]

Norwegian

Oslo [’Ozlou]

Iceland [’aIslRnd]

Icelandic

[aIs’lWndIk]

Icelandic

Reykjavik

[’reIkjRvIk]

Denmark [’denmQ:k]

Danish [’deInIS]

Danish

Copenhagen

[’koupn’hegn]

Poland [’poulRnd]

Polish [’poulIS]

Polish

Warsaw [’wO:sO:]

Belarus [LbelR’rus] / (Byelorussia)

Belarus / Belarusian / (Byelorussian)

Belarusian / Byelorussian

Minsk

Estonia [es’tounjR]

Estonian

Estonian

Tallinn [’tQ:lIn]

Latvia [’lWtvIR]

Latvian

Latvian

Riga [’ri:gR]

Lithuania

[LlIY(j)u’eInjR]

Lithuanian

Lithuanian

Vilnius [’vIlnus]

Germany

German

German

Berlin [bR:’lIn]

the Netherlands *

[’neTRlRndz] /

Holland [’holRnd]

Dutch [dAtS]

Dutch*

Amsterdam

[LWmstR’dWm]/

the Hague [heIg]*

Belgium

[’beldGRm]

Belgian

[’beldGRn]

Dutch/Flemish* , French, German

Brussels

[’brAslz]

Great Britain

British

English

London [’lAndRn]

Ireland [’aIRlRnd]

Irish [’aIrIS]

Irish, English

Dublin [’dAblIn]

France [frQ:ns]

French

French

Paris [’pWrIs]

Switzerland

[’swItsRlRnd]

Swiss

French, Italian,

German, Romans(c)h

[rou’mWnS] *

Bern [bR:n],

Geneva [dGI’ni:vR]*

Hungary

[’hANgRrI]

Hungarian

[hAN’gERrIRn]

Hungarian

Budapest

[’b(j)u:dRpRst]

Austria [’O:strIR]

Austrian

German

Vienna [vI’enR]

The Czech [tSek] Republic

[rI’pAblIk]

Czech

Czech

Prague [prQ:g]

Slovakia [slou’vQ:kjR]

Slovak

Slovak

Bratislava [LbrQ:tI’slQ:vQ:]

Spain

Spanish [’spWnIS]

Spanish

Madrid [mR’drId]

Portugal

[’pO:tju:gRl / ’pO:tSu:gRl]

Portuguese

[LpO:tju:’gi:z / LpO:tSu:’gi:z]

Portuguese

Lisbon [’lIzbRn]

Italy [’ItRlI]

Italian [I’tWljRn]

Italian

Rome [roum]

Yugoslavia

[Lju:gou’slQ:vjR]

Yugoslav

Serbian

[’sR:bjRn]

Croatian

[krou’eISn]

Belgrade

[bel’greId]

Slovenia

[slo(u)’vI:njR]

Slovenian

Slovenian

Ljubljana

[lju:b’ljQ:nQ:]

Macedonia

[LmWsI’dounjR]

Macedonian

Macedonian,

Albanian

[O:l’beInjRn]

Skopje [’skOpje]

Croatia

[krou’eISR]

Croatian

Croatian

Zagreb [’zQ:greb]

Bosnia (and Herzegovina)

Bosnian

Serbian, Croatian

Sarajevo

[sQ’rQ:jevO:]

Albania [O:l’beInjR]

Albanian

Albanian

Tirana [tI’rQ:nR:]

Bulgaria

[bul’gERrjR]

Bulgarian

Bulgarian

Sofia [’soufjR]

Greece [gri:s]

Greek

Greek

Athens [’WYInz]

Romania / Rumania

[rR’meInjR]

Romanian / Rumanian

Romanian / Rumanian

Bucharest

[’b(j)u:kRrRst]

(the) Ukraine

[ju’kreIn]

Ukranian

[ju’kreInjRn]

Ukranian

Kiev [’ki:Rv]

Moldova

Moldovan / Moldavian

Moldovan / Moldavian, Romanian *

Chisinau

[kISI’nRu]

Malta [’mO:ltR]

Maltese

[mOl’ti:z]

English

Valetta [vR’letR]

Turkey [’tR:kI]

Turkish

Turkish

Ankara [’WNkRrR]

Cyprus [’saIprRs]

Cyprian

[’sIprIRn]

Greek / Turkish

Niсosia

[LnIkou’sIR]

NOTES:

1. Although Holland is a traditional name for the Netherlands it is only one of its parts.

2. In official documents, Dutch is translated into Russian as нидерландский язык.

3. Amsterdam is the capital of the Netherlands but not the seat of government and court. These are situated in the Hague.

4. Flemish (фламандский язык) is the language of Flanders (Фландрия), a variant of Dutch.

5. Romans(c)h or Rhaeto-Romanic [Lri:tourR’mWnIk] (ретороманский язык) is spoken by 1% of the population, in the south-east of Switzerland.

6. Geneva is the headquarters of the World Red Cross, the World Trade Organization, the World Health Organization and other international bodies.

7. Different sources give the state language of Moldova as Moldovan /Moldavian or Romanian. Although both languages are very much alike, linguistically they are different.