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Of Interest: Reflector-Satellites

Model space reflectors casting solar light on our planet may be developed in the near future. One sunbeam will be sufficient to illuminate one or more large districts situated in different time zones.

Researchers have developed a general design for such systems. At present an experimental project involving a reflector-satellite having a mass of 20 kg and 110 square metres of working surface is being set up at the Moscow Aviation Institute.

The aim of the experimental is above all, to check various technical approaches to the construction of the reflector of the future.

The use of reflector-satellite to prolong daylight by several hours in big cities will ensure high-quality illumination for streets, transport arteries, and construction sites. This system will also prove economically profitable.

Another possible use for such systems will be the illumination of night-work sites as well as the illumination of fields to combat night frosts.

The ecological consequences of the use of space reflectors are being studied and recommendations worked out for the rational utilization of such systems in order to be benefit the environment.

  1. In Russian write a content-based summary of the text you have translated.

26. Translate into English the summary made in ex.24 of the text you haven’t read.

27. Make a reverse written translation (from Russian into English) of the Extract you have translated.

28. Serve as simultaneous interpreter. Make an oral reverse interpretation of the text.

29. Find more information about transistors and tell your group mates.

Unit VI

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Language Work

The Complex Object

Subject

Predicate

Object

noun or pronoun

in the objective case

(to)* + infinitive

I/you/we/they

expect/don’t expect

me/you/him/

her/us/them

to repair the car.

he/she/it

expects/doesn’t expect

*Remember: to is never used after let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe in the Active Voice: e.g. We watched the engineer make a hologram. Then he let us experiment with a laser.

The Complex Object is used after the main verbs denoting:

wish

mental activity

sense perception

awareness

inducement

to want

to wish

to desire

need

I would like

(= I’d like)

to suppose

to expect

to consider

to assume

to prove

to believe

to understand

to think

to find

to see

to hear

to feel

to watch

to notice

to observe

to know

to find

to note

to claim

to state

to declare

to pronounce

to announce

to report

to make

to cause

to force

to let

to allow

to permit

to enable

to ask

to tell

to order

to command

For example:

  • We would like you to test the device.

  • I consider him to be a professional in his field.

  • She found the carburetor to be blocked.

  • The engineer told us to stop the experiment.

  • The teacher makes us study hard.

  • He heard the engine start after a loud click.

Remember: The Infinitive in the Complex Object is often used in the Passive Voice but it is translated into Russian in the Active Voice and is placed before the noun.

For example:

  • The engineer allowed the technology to be used. - Инженер разрешил использовать эту технологию

The For-To-Infinitive Construction

Function

Examples

1. Subject

  • It was difficult for him to obtain the data.( Ему было сложно получить эти данные)

  • For me to study this phenomenon was very important. (Для меня было очень важно изучить это явление)

2. Predicative

  • The best thing is for you to solve this task now. ( Лучшее, что Вы можете сделать – это выполнить это задание сейчас)

3.Object

  • The students watched for the door to open. ( Студенты видели, как открывается дверь)

  • His family were anxious for him to enter the University. ( Его семье очень хотелось, чтобы он поступил в университет)

  • I’m so glad for you to have installed this device at last.(Я очень рад, что ты наконец-то установил это устройство)

4. Adverbial modifier of purpose and consequence

  • The wall was too high for anything to be visible.(Стена была слишком высока, чтобы что-нибудь увидеть)

  • He had said enough for me to get alarmed.(Он сказал достаточно для того, что бы я забеспокоился)

5. Attribute

  • There was no need for him to carry out this experiment.(Не было такой необходимости, чтобы он проводил этот эксперимент)

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