- •Unit 2. Triodes Language Work
- •Degrees of Comparison
- •Fill in the table
- •Put the verb into the correct form, Present Continuous or Present Simple.
- •Choose the appropriate English equivalents
- •Translate the following sentences. Mind the meaning of the highlighted words.
- •Choose as many words from the table оf ex. 1 as you can and form sensible sentences in Present Continuous (affirmative, negative and interrogative).
- •Specialist Reading
- •Read the text “Triodes” and choose its best summary.
- •Read the text again and complete the sentences.
Unit 2. Triodes Language Work
Present Continuous
Affirmative
Am/is/are + -ing
I |
am |
(= I'm) |
controlling |
he/she/it |
is |
(= he's etc.) |
decreasing |
we/you/they |
are |
(= we're etc.) |
insulating |
For example:
I am plugging this device in today.
Look! Current is flowing through the tube.
They are placing the grid between the cathode and the plate at the moment.
Spelling
Verbs that end in –e (make) ing: make-making
Verbs that end in –ie (lie) ying: lie-lying
Negative
I |
am |
not |
controlling |
he |
|
|
|
she |
is |
not |
decreasing |
it |
|
|
|
we |
|
|
|
you |
are |
not |
insulating |
they |
|
|
|
For example:
I am not working as a physicist now.
These devices are not heating this week.
Look! They are not placing the grid between the cathode and the plate.
Questions
Am |
I |
Is |
he/she/it |
Are |
we/you/they |
For example:
Is she working as a physicist now?
Why aren’t these devices heating this week?
Look! They are placing the grid between the cathode and the plate at the moment, aren’t they?
Adjectives and adverbs
Adjective + noun
For example:
a modern amplifier
a good conductor
a precise definition
But: Look/feel/smell/taste/sound/get + adjective
Verb + adverb
Adjective + -ly = adverb
For example:
Adjective |
quick |
bad |
sudden |
careful |
heavy |
good |
Adverb |
quickly |
badly |
suddenly |
carefully |
heavily |
well |
to control well
to conduct readily
to operate quickly
Degrees of Comparison
Cheap – cheaper – the cheapest
Nice – nicer – the nicest
Big – bigger – the biggest
Early – earlier – the earliest
Expensive – more expensive – the most expensive
Interesting – more interesting – the most interesting
But:
good – better - (the) best
little – less - least
bad - worse - worst
much/many – more - most
Fill in the table
Noun |
Verb |
Adjective |
Adverb |
Translation |
Transcription |
control |
control |
|
|
управление, управлять |
(п, v) |
decrease |
decrease |
|
|
|
(п)
(v) |
|
depend (on, upon) |
|
|
|
|
distance |
|
|
|
|
|
density |
|
|
|
плотность |
|
increase |
increase |
|
increasingly |
|
(n)
(v) |
insulator insulation |
|
|
|
диэлектрик/ непроводник изоляция
|
|
|
|
|
|
сетка |
|
|
place |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/
|
|
result (in) |
|
|
|
|
Read and translate the following international words:
Nouns (n): effect, function, idea, ion, material, metal, milliampere, reflector, result, secret, spiral, triode, volt
Verbs (v): compensate, control
Adjectives (adj): modern, miniature, standard
Write the following verbs with –ing. Mind the spelling.
Control, decrease, depend, increase, place, result, conduct, insulate, heat, emit, flow, have, apply, result, use.
Looking at fig.1 and complete the sentences with the following verbs in the correct form: attract, repel, heat, flow, emit.
Fig. 1. Electron flow in a vacuum tube
The heater … the cathode.
The cathode … electrons.
Negative voltage on the cathode … the electrons.
Positive voltage on the plate … the electrons.
Current … from one element to the other through a gas.
Make up questions from these words. Use is or are and put the words in order.
the\in\student\the\electron\describing\a\vacuum\flow\tube.
the\electronics\defining\physicist.
the\emitting\cathode\electrons.
the\the\electrons\cathode\flowing\from\to\the\plate.
the\between\grid\being placed\the\cathode\and\the\plate.
the\grid\the\flow\of\electrons\controlling.
current\from\moving\element\to\one\the\other\a\gas\through.
a\small\negative\voltage\being applied\to\the\grid.
the\decreasing\plate\current.
being used\for\amplification\a\triode.
flowing\only\current\in\direction\one.