Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Сибирский федеральный университет
Английский язык
для студентов 2 курса факультета транспорта
Методические указания
Красноярск
СФУ
2011
УДК 811.111:629 (07)
Б
БК
81.432.1 я 73
А 64
Составитель: Чебан Е.П.
А 64 Английский язык. Английский язык для студентов 2 курса факультета транспорта: Методические указания / сост.Е.П. Чебан). – Красноярск: Сиб. федер. ун-т, 2011. – 32 с.
Предназначено для студентов 2 курса факультета транспорта всех специальностей. Основной целью является подготовка студентов к самостоятельному чтению на английском языке оригинальной технической литературы по специальности.
УДК 811.111:629 (07)
ББК 81.432.1 я 73
© Сибирский
федеральный
университет, 2011
Transport
1. Public transport
Transportation First
1830 First passenger train service: Great Britain
1863 First subway: London
1873 First cable cars: San Francisco
1896 First taxi cabs: Stuttgart
1910 First trolley: Los Angeles
1964 First bullet train (130 mph): Japan
1976 First passenger flights on a supersonic airplane: the Concorde
2. Read the text and fill in the sentences.
a) One of the best ways to travel across snow and ice in the Arctic region is on a dog-sledge.
b) And now it is the fastest way of transport.
c) The world’s poorer countries often rely on primitive methods for transport.
d) The supersonic Concorde is the fastest passenger plane in the world today.
e) There are three main kinds of transport – land, water and air.
f) In fact, the time it takes to travel from place to place has become more important than actual distances.
g) It opened in 1825.
h) The fastest way to cross the Atlantic now is by supersonic passenger jet.
Travel and Communication
Today the world seems smaller than it is because people can speed from one continent to another in just a few hours. _____________________________________.
In the middle of the 19th century, sailing boats took one of three months to cross the Atlantic Ocean. Steam ships later completed the same journey in about 10 days. _______________________________________. Concorde, for example, takes only 3,5 hours to fly from New York to London. This is half the time taken by any other aircraft.
____________________________________________________. All these are vital for carrying people, food, raw materials and goods from one place to another. Countries in North America and Western Europe have advanced transport systems. _________________________________________ In China, for example, there are very few cars and many people use bicycles to get about. They can also be adapted for carrying light cargoes.
The earliest way of carrying things about was on the backs of people or animals. Horses, camels, elephants, yaks, llamas, donkeys and mules are useful animals either for carrying goods and people or for working in the fields and pulling carts. __________________________________________________. Camels are animals well suited to desert travel. They can go without water for many days and their broad hooves do not sink into the sand.
People still perform many important carrying tasks in poor countries. Goods may be put on the head so that the whole of the body takes their weight.
Railways were invented in the 19th century in Britain and they soon spread to the rest of the world. The first steam train service ran between Stockton and Darlington in England. __________________________________________________________. Modern trains often run on electricity. It is a fairly cheep way of transporting heavy goods, but today many people and industries use motorways and roads instead.
Another important way of moving products and materials is by sea, rivers and canals. The type of boats used on a canal is called a barge. Container ships are easy to load and unload as all the goods are pre-packed in crates. By today aircrafts have replaced ships as the main way for passengers to cross the ocean. ___________________. There are now airports all over the world and people who want to travel quickly go by airplane. Travelling by air is becoming much more popular, especially with holidaymakers. Aircraft offer the fastest form of transport. ____________________________________________________However, they are not as suitable as ships or trains for carrying heavy cargoes.