baehr_p_richter_m_dictatorship_in_history_and_theory_bonapar
.pdfDictatorship in History and Theory
BONAPARTISM, CAESARISM, AND TOTALITARIANISM
This book is unusual in bringing together the work of historians and political theorists under one cover to consider the subject of nineteenthand twentieth-century dictatorships. A distinguished group of authors examine the complex relationship among nineteenth-century democracy, nationalism, and authoritarianism, paying special attention to the careers of Napoleon I and III and of Bismarck. An important contribution of the book is consideration not only of the momentous episodes of coup d’etat,´ revolution, and imperial foundation that the Napoleonic era heralded, but also the contested political language with which these events were described and assessed. Political thinkers were faced with a battery of new terms – “Bonapartism,” “Caesarism,” and “Imperialism” among them – with which to make sense of their era.
In addition to documenting the political history of a revolutionary age, the book examines a series of thinkers – Tocqueville, Marx, Max Weber, Antonio Gramsci, Carl Schmitt, and Hannah Arendt – who articulated and helped to reshape our sense of the political.
Peter Baehr is Associate Professor of Political Sociology at Lingnan University. His books include Founders, Classics, Canons (2002) and Caesar and the Fading of the Roman World (1998). He is the editor of The Portable Hannah Arendt (2000) and co-editor, with Gordon Wells, of The Protestant Ethic and the “Spirit” of Capitalism and Other Writings (2002) and Max Weber (1995).
Melvin Richter is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the City University of New York, Graduate Center, and Hunter College. He is the author of The History of Political and Social Concepts (1995), the editor of The Political Theory of Montesquieu
(Cambridge, 1977), and co-editor, with Hartmut Lehmann, of The Meaning of Historical Terms and Concepts (1996).
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Dictatorship in History and Theory
BONAPARTISM, CAESARISM, AND TOTALITARIANISM
Edited by
PETER BAEHR
Lingnan University, Hong Kong
MELVIN RICHTER
City University of New York
GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE
Washington, D.C.
and
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge , UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521825634
© German Historical Institute 2004
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
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Contents
Contributors |
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page ix |
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Preface |
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xi |
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Introduction |
Peter Baehr and Melvin Richter |
1 |
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PART I. BONAPARTISM TO ITS CONTEMPORARIES |
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1 |
From Consulate to Empire: Impetus and Resistance |
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Isser Woloch |
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29 |
2 |
The Bonapartes and Germany |
T. C. W. Blanning |
53 |
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3 |
Prussian Conservatives and the Problem of |
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Bonapartism |
David E. Barclay |
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67 |
4Tocqueville and French Nineteenth-Century Conceptualizations of the Two Bonapartes and Their Empires
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Melvin Richter |
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83 |
5 |
Marx’s Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte: Democracy, |
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Dictatorship, and the Politics of Class Struggle |
Terrell Carver |
103 |
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6 |
Bonapartism as the Progenitor of Democracy: The Paradoxical |
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Case of the French Second Empire |
Sudhir Hazareesingh |
129 |
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PART II. BONAPARTISM, CAESARISM, TOTALITARIANISM: |
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TWENTIETH-CENTURY EXPERIENCES AND REflECTIONS |
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7 |
Max Weber and the Avatars of Caesarism |
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Peter Baehr |
155 |
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8 |
The Concept of Caesarism in Gramsci |
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Benedetto Fontana |
175 |
vii
viii |
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Contents |
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9 |
From Constitutional Technique to Caesarist Ploy: Carl Schmitt |
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on Dictatorship, Liberalism, and Emergency Powers |
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John P. McCormick |
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197 |
10 |
Bonapartist and Gaullist Heroic Leadership: Comparing Crisis |
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Appeals to an Impersonated People |
Jack Hayward |
221 |
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11 |
The Leader and the Masses: Hannah Arendt on Totalitarianism |
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and Dictatorship |
Margaret Canovan |
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241 |
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PART III. ANCIENT RESONANCES |
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12 |
Dictatorship in Rome |
Claude Nicolet |
263 |
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13 |
From the Historical Caesar to the Spectre of Caesarism: The |
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Imperial Administrator as Internal Threat |
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Arthur M. Eckstein |
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279 |
Index |
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299 |
Contributors
Peter Baehr, Professor of Political Sociology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong
David E. Barclay, Margaret and Roger Scholten Professor of International Studies, Department of History, Kalamazoo College, Michigan
T. C. W. Blanning, Professor of Modern European History, Cambridge University
Margaret Canovan, Professor of Political Thought, University of Keele, Keele
Terrell Carver, Professor of Political Theory, University of Bristol, Bristol
Arthur M. Eckstein, Professor of History, University of Maryland, College Park
Benedetto Fontana, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Baruch College, CUNY, New York
Jack Hayward, Emeritus Professor, Oxford University; Research Professor, Hull
University
Sudhir Hazareesingh, Tutor in Politics, Balliol College, Oxford
John P. McCormick, Associate Professor of Political Science, University of Chicago,
Chicago
´
Claude Nicolet, Professeur honoraire a` la Sorbonne et a` l’Ecole pratique des hautes etudes,´ Paris
Melvin Richter, Emeritus Professor of Political Science, City University of New York, Graduate Center, and Hunter College
Isser Woloch, Moore Collegiate Professor of History, Columbia University, New
York
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