1.2.3. Тяговый баланс легкового автомобиля.

а) Определение полной силы тяги на различных передачах для различных частот. (формула (33))

Pт_i,x= , [H]

Первая передача:

Pт₁,n_max = 110.774 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 3.213 * 3.358/0.274 = 3915.705, [H]

Pт₁,n_N = 124.465 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 3.213 * 3.358/0.274 = 4399.662, [H]

Pт₁,n_x2 = 147.802 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 3.213 * 3.358/0.274 = 5224.592, [H]

Pт₁,n_M = 155.583 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 3.213 * 3.358/0.274 = 5499.639, [H]

Pт₁,n_x1 = 151.412 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 3.213 * 3.358/0.274 = 5352.2, [H]

Pт₁,n_min = 138.908 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 3.213 * 3.358/0.274 = 4910.202, [H]

Вторая передача:

Pт₂,n_max = 110.774 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 2.4 * 3.358/0.274 = 2924.896, [H]

Pт₂,n_N = 124.465 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 2.4 * 3.358/0.274 = 3286.396, [H]

Pт₂,n_x2 = 147.802 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 2.4 * 3.358/0.274 = 3902.59, [H]

Pт₁,n_M = 155.583 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 2.4 * 3.358/0.274 = 4108.041, [H]

Pт₂,n_x1 = 151.412 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 2.4 * 3.358/0.274 = 3997.909, [H]

Pт₁,n_min = 138.908 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 2.4 * 3.358/0.274 = 3667.751, [H]

Третья передача:

Pт₃,n_max = 110.774 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.792 * 3.358/0.274 = 2183.922, [H]

Pт₃,n_N = 124.465 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.792 * 3.358/0.274 = 2453.842, [H]

Pт₃,n_x2 = 147.802 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.792 * 3.358/0.274 = 2913.934, [H]

Pт₃,n_M = 155.583 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.792 * 3.358/0.274 = 3067.337, [H]

Pт₃,n_x1 = 151.412 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.792 * 3.358/0.274 = 2985.105, [H]

Pт₃,n_min = 138.908 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.792 * 3.358/0.274 = 2738.587, [H]

Четвертая передача:

Pт₄,n_max = 110.774 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.338 * 3.358/0.274 = 1630.63, [H]

Pт₄,n_N = 124.465 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.338 * 3.358/0.274 = 1832.166, [H]

Pт₄,n_x2 = 147.802 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.338 * 3.358/0.274 = 2175.694, [H]

Pт₄,n_M = 155.583 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.338 * 3.358/0.274 = 2290.233, [H]

Pт₄,n_x1 = 151.412 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.338 * 3.358/0.274 = 2228.834, [H]

Pт₁,n_min = 138.908 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1.338 * 3.358/0.274 = 2044.771, [H]

Пятая передача:

Pт₅,n_max = 110.774 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1 * 3.358/0.274 = 1218.707, [H]

Pт₅,n_N = 124.465 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1 * 3.358/0.274 = 1369.331, [H]

Pт₅,n_x2 = 147.802 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1 * 3.358/0.274 = 1626.079, [H]

Pт₅,n_M = 155.583 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1 * 3.358/0.274 = 1711.684, [H]

Pт₁,n_x1 = 151.412 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1 * 3.358/0.274 = 1665.795, [H]

Pт₁,n_min = 138.908 * 0.955 * 0.94 * 1 * 3.358/0.274 = 1528.23, [H]

б) Определение силы сопротивления воздуха на различных передачах для различных

частот. (формула (35))

Pw_i,x = k_В * F * Vi,x², [H]

Первая передача:

Pw_1,n_max = 0.18 * 1.908 * 16.426² = 92.665, [H]

Pw_1,n_N = 0.18 * 1.908 * 14.933² = 76.585, [H]

Pw_1,n_x2 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 11.199² = 43.073, [H]

Pw_1,n_M = 0.18 * 1.908 * 7.466² = 19.144, [H]

Pw_1,n_x1 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 4.733² = 7.793, [H]

Pw_1,n_min = 0.18 * 1.908 * 2² = 1.374, [H]

Вторая передача:

Pw_2,n_max = 0.18 * 1.908 * 21.99² = 166.074, [H]

Pw_2,n_N = 0.18 * 1.908 * 19.991² = 137.252, [H]

Pw_2,n_x2 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 14.993² = 77.202, [H]

Pw_2,n_M = 0.18 * 1.908 * 9.996² = 34.317, [H]

Pw_2,n_x1 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 6.336² = 13.787, [H]

Pw_1,n_min = 0.18 * 1.908 * 2.677² = 2.461, [H]

Третья передача:

Pw_3,n_max = 0.18 * 1.908 * 29.451² = 297.887, [H]

Pw_3,n_N = 0.18 * 1.908 * 26.774² = 246.194, [H]

Pw_3,n_x2 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 20.08² = 138.477, [H]

Pw_3,n_M = 0.18 * 1.908 * 13.387² = 61.548, [H]

Pw_3,n_x1 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 8.486² = 24.732, [H]

Pw_3,n_min = 0.18 * 1.908 * 3.586² = 4.416, [H]

Четвертая передача:

Pw_4,n_max = 0.18 * 1.908 * 39.444² = 534.334, [H]

Pw_4,n_N = 0.18 * 1.908 * 35.858² = 441.594, [H]

Pw_4,n_x2 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 26.894² = 248.406, [H]

Pw_4,n_M = 0.18 * 1.908 * 17.929² = 110.398, [H]

Pw_4,n_x2 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 11.366² = 44.368, [H]

Pw_4,n_max = 0.18 * 1.908 * 4.802² = 7.919, [H]

Пятая передача:

Pw_5,n_max = 0.18 * 1.908 * 52.776² = 956.586, [H]

Pw_5,n_N = 0.18 * 1.908 * 47.979² = 790.594, [H]

Pw_5,n_x2 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 35.984² = 444.703, [H]

Pw_5,n_M = 0.18 * 1.908 * 23.989² = 197.640, [H]

Pw_5,n_x1 = 0.18 * 1.908 * 15.207² = 79.421, [H]

Pw_5,n_min = 0.18 * 1.908 * 6.426² = 14.182, [H]

в) Определение силы суммарного дорожного сопротивления и коэффициентов суммарного

дорожного сопротивления для асфальто-бетонного покрытия на различных расчетных

скоростях. (формула (34) и (2))

Сила сопротивления качению может быть определена по формуле (34) или по очевидной формуле:

; [H] – формула (34)

Ψv_i,x = f₀(1 + k_f V_i,x²); – формула (2)

Первая передача:

Ψv_1,n_max = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 16.426²) = 0.00911897,

Ψv_1,n_N = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 14.933²) = 0.0089248,

Ψv_1,n_x2 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 11.199²) = 0.00852013,

Ψv_1,n_M = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 7.466²) = 0.00823117,

Ψv_1,n_x1 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 4.733²) = 0.0080929,

Ψv_1,n_min = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 2²) = 0.00801658,

P_Ψ1,n_max = 13230 * 0.00911897 = 120.644, [H]

P_Ψ1,n_N = 13230 * 0.0089248 = 118.075, [H]

P_Ψ1,n_x2 = 13230 * 0.00852013 = 112.721, [H]

P_Ψ1,n_M = 13230 * 0.00823117 = 108.898, [H]

P_Ψ1,n_x1 = 13230 * 0.0080929 = 107.069, [H]

P_Ψ1,n_min = 13230 * 0.00801658 = 106.059, [H]

Вторая передача:

Ψv_2,n_max = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 21.99²) = 0.0100054,

Ψv_2,n_N = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 19.991²) = 0.0096574,

Ψv_2,n_x2 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 14.933²) = 0.0089322,

Ψv_2,n_M = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 9.996²) = 0.00841438,

Ψv_2,n_x1 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 6.336²) = 0.0081665,

Ψv_2,n_min = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 2.677²) = 0.0080297,

P_Ψ2,n_max = 13230 * 0.0100054 = 132.371, [H]

P_Ψ2,n_N = 13230 * 0.0096574 = 127.767, [H]

P_Ψ2,n_x2 = 13230 * 0.0089322 = 118.173, [H]

P_Ψ2,n_M = 13230 * 0.00841438 = 111.322, [H]

P_Ψ2,n_x1 = 13230 * 0.0081665 = 108.043, [H]

P_Ψ2,n_min = 13230 * 0.0080297 = 106.233, [H]

Третья передача:

Ψv_3,n_max = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 29.451²) = 0.001159712,

Ψv_3,n_N = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 26.774²) = 0.0109729,

Ψv_3,n_x2 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 20.08²) = 0.009672177,

Ψv_3,n_M= 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 13.387²) = 0.0087432,

Ψv_3,n_x1 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 8.486²) = 0.0082986,

Ψv_3,n_min = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 4.416²) = 0.0080808,

P_Ψ3,n_max = 13230 * 0.01159712 = 153.43, [H]

P_Ψ3,n_N = 13230 * 0.0109729 = 145.171, [H]

P_Ψ3,n_x2 = 13230 * 0.009672177 = 127.963, [H]

P_Ψ3,n_M = 13230 * 0.0087432 = 115.673, [H]

P_Ψ3,n_x1 = 13230 * 0.0082986 = 109.79, [H]

P_Ψ3,n_min = 13230 * 0.0080808 = 106.909, [H]

Четвертая передача:

Ψv_4,n_max = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 39.444²) = 0.0144523,

Ψv_4,n_N = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 35.858²) = 0.01333245,

Ψv_4,n_x2 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 26.894²) = 0.0109996,

Ψv_4,n_M = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 17.929²) = 0.0093331,

Ψv_4,n_x1 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 11.366²) = 0.0085357,

Ψv_4,n_min = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 4.802²) = 0.0080956,

P_Ψ4,n_max = 13230 * 0.0144523 = 191.204, [H]

P_Ψ4,n_N = 13230 * 0.01333245 = 176.388, [H]

P_Ψ4,n_x2 = 13230 * 0.0109996 = 145.525, [H]

P_Ψ4,n_M = 13230 * 0.0093331 = 123.477, [H]

P_Ψ4,n_x1 = 13230 * 0.0085357 = 112.927, [H]

P_Ψ4,n_min = 13230 * 0.0080956 = 1-7.105, [H]

Пятая передача:

Ψv_5,n_max = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 52.776²) = 0.0195512,

Ψv_5,n_N = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 47.979²) = 0.01754678,

Ψv_5,n_x2 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 35.984²) = 0.0133699,

Ψv_5,n_M = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 23.989²) = 0.01038659,

Ψv_5,n_x1 = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 15.207²) = 0.00895905,

Ψv_5,n_min = 0.008(1 + 0.0005184 * 6.426²) = 0.00817125,

P_Ψ5,n_max = 13230 * 0.0195512 = 258.662, [H]

P_Ψ5,n_N = 13230 * 0.01754678 = 232.144, [H]

P_Ψ5,n_x2 = 13230 * 0.0133699 = 176.884, [H]

P_Ψ5,n_M = 13230 * 0.01038659 = 137.415, [H]

P_Ψ5,n_x1 = 13230 * 0.00895905 = 118.528, [H]

P_Ψ5,n_min = 13230 * 0.00817125 = 108.106, [H

Сила сопротивления качению при скорости близкой к нулю и равной нулю (формулы (2) при V=0 и i = 0):

Pψ₀ = Ga f₀ = 13230 * 0.008 = 105.84 [H],

г) Определение значений свободной силы тяги на всех передачах и расчетных частотах.

Расчет величин Рсв_i,x ведется непосредственно в таблице 1.4 путем вычитания Рт_i,x и Р_Wi,x (Рсв_i,x = Рт_i,x - Р_Wi,x) и результаты заносятся в соответствующую строку табл. 1.4.