Business
Vocabulary
Cambridge
UNIVERSITY
PRESS
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Bill Mascull |
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Business
Vocabulary
in Use
Bill Mascull
MMMT
Cambridge
UNIVERSITY PRESS
PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
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© Cambridge University Press 2002
This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2002 Second printing 2002 Third printing 2002
Printed in Italy by G. Canale & C.
Typeface Sabon 10/13pt. System QuarkXPress® [gecko ltd]
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 0 521 77529 9
Contents
18
20
22
Introduction 8 jobs, people and organizations
Q Work and jobs 10
A What do you do?
B Word combinations with ‘work’
C Types of job and types of work
Q Ways of working 12
A Old and new ways B Nice work if you can get it C Nature of work
a Recruitment and selection 14
A Recruitment B Applying for a job C Selection procedures
Q Skills and qualifications
A Education and training B Skilled and unskilled C The right person
Pay and benefits
A Wages, salary and benefits B Compensation 1 C Compensation 2
Q People and workplaces
A Employees and management
B Management and administration
C Labour
D Personnel and human resources
Q The career ladder
A A job for life
B A job for now
C In-house staff or freelancers?
D Losing your job
16
El 27
ANGRY SCENES AS MEMBERS REJECT 35
(1) 35
0m?" 57
. & S s 57
Shift down a gear to find a sweeter mLifetype 97
I don’t know how to chair a meeting! 119
A Business and businesses B Commerce C Enterprise
D Word combinations with ‘enterprise’
9 Organizations 2 32
A Self-employed people and partnerships
B Limited liability
C Mutuals
D Non-profit organizations
PRODUCTION
Q) Manufacturing and services 34
A Industry
B Manufacturing and services C Countries and their industries
m The development process 36
A Market research B Development and launch
54
56
58
60
62
64
U3 Innovation and invention 38
A Innovation and invention B Research and technology C Patents and intellectual property
El 27
ANGRY SCENES AS MEMBERS REJECT 35
(1) 35
0m?" 57
. & S s 57
Shift down a gear to find a sweeter mLifetype 97
I don’t know how to chair a meeting! 119
A Total quality management
B Continuous improvement
C Benchmarking
D Business process re-engineering
MARKETING
Q) Buyers, sellers and the market 46
A Customers and clients
B Buyers and sellers
C The market
D Word combinations with ‘market’
Markets and competitors 48
A Companies and markets B More word combinations with ‘market’
C Competitors and competition
Marketing and market orientation 50
A Marketing B The four Ps C Market orientation
3 Products and brands
A Word combinations with ‘product’ B Goods
C Brands and branding
9 Price
A Pricing
B Word combinations with ‘price’
C Upmarket and downmarket
D Mass markets and niches
Q Place
A Distribution: wholesalers, retailers and customers B Shops
C Direct marketing
9 Promotion
A Advertising B The sales force C Promotional activities