2. Lexical and grammatical exercises

   1. Match the words in a with the words in в to form word combinations.

1. A. hardly; smoothly; usually; universally; strongly; previously; efficiently;

increasingly

B. produced; sub-divided; unknown; noticeable; influenced; accepted; important; circulating

2. A. prevailing; electronic; clockwise; preliminary; three-dimensional;

flow

2. winds; circulation; images; studies; pattern; equipment

2. Underline one word in each line that is different. Explain your choice.

sea	edge	bay	gulf
pattern	tide	wave	current
vast	enormous	tiny	immeasurable
narrow	wide	thin	limited
crude	refined	rough	raw
severe	harmless	smooth	mild
deep	bottomless	shallow	abyssal
nearby	distant	close	neighbouring
necessary	avoidable	required	vital
make up	account for	form	constitute

3. Rearrange the letters in the anagrams to form equivalents for the Russian words.

простирать(ся) — eenxtd нефтеперегонный завод — finerrey

сохранять — servenoc неверное представление —

суровый — versee mioiscconeptn

флотилия — felet трубопровод — pilinpee

структура — pteratn замораживать — zereef

3. Match the verbs in A with their opposites in B.

1. increase; destroy; dry; lower; warm; pull; find; release; fall; leave; waste

2. soak; push; erect; freeze; hide; raise; rise; decrease; enter; conserve; trap

3. Match the words close in meaning in A and B.

1. affect; distribute; realize; produce; contain; avoid; account for; penetrate

2. influence; divide; explain; include; escape; get inside; generate; be aware (of)

3. Match each of the following terms with the correct definition.

a) ocean acoustic tomography, b) riff, c) food chain; d) continental shelf, e) abyssal plain', f) Coriolis force', g) oceanographer; h) strait

1. Narrow body of water linking large bodies of water.

2. Technique that provides a three-dimensional image of water

movement. f

3. Scientist who studies the ocean.

4. Edge of a continent extending beneath the ocean.

5. Wide crack in the oceanic ridge.

6. Deepest part of the ocean.

7. Complex feeding system that nourishes sea creatures.

___ 8. Effect produced by the earth’s rotation that deflects winds and currents to the right of their course in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

3. Find nouns in the text and explain the use of the definite, indefinite and o-articles.

Pollution of the world ocean

The ocean has long served as a dumping ground for waste products. Today the effects of this long-term dumping are becoming increasingly obvious. The water in many areas is now too polluted for fish to survive. Oil spills from drilling rigs and ship collisions pollute the ocean. The dumping of industrial and other wastes far out at sea adds to the problem.

Pollution of the ocean concerns all nations. Some pollutants are easily broken down by natural means, and are harmless to the sea. Other pollutants, however, enter the ocean’s food chain, where they remain for years. In addition, ocean currents carry pollutants far from where they originally entered the water. For example, the pesticide DDT has never been used in Antarctica. Yet scientists have discovered its presence in the livers of penguins and seals living in Antarctic waters.