Шпарагалки по некоторым разделам грамматики / Инфинитив
.docФормы инфинитива в английском языке.
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Tense |
Voice |
Active |
Passive |
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Indefinite\Simple |
To+V1(to go, to write) I like to play often(Действие относится к неопределенному моменту) |
To be +V3 I am glad to be helped (я рад, что мне помогли) |
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Continuous\ Progressive |
To+be+Ving I am glad to be speaking. (я рад, что я разговариваю.) |
(нет) + |
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Perfect |
To have+V3. I am glad to have seen. ( я рад, что уже повидал тебя.) |
To have been +V3. I am glad to have been told the news. (я рад, что мне уже рассказали новости.) |
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( в инфинитивах to не ставится после глаголов: must, can(could), may(might), shall(should),
will(would), do(did), need.А также после: to let, to make, to hear, to see, to feel, to notice, to watch, to help.
Застывшие словосочетания с инфинитивом.
To cut a long story short- короче говоря. She is pleasant to look at-на неё приятно смотреть.
To tell(you) the truth- сказать(вам) по правде.I have nothing to read-Мне нечего читать.
To say nothing of- не говоря уже о…She has nobody to speak with-Ей не с кем поговорить
To put it mildly- мягко выражаясь.What is to be done?-Что делать?
To say the least of it- по меньшей мере.Who is to blame?-Кто виноват?
To begin with- начнем с того что…I am not blame-Я не виноват.
The(book) leaves much to be desired-(книга) оставляет желать лучшего.To see is to believe-Видеть значит верить.
He is difficult to deal with-С ним трудно иметь дело.He was the first(last) to come-Он пришел первым(последним).
He is hard to please-Ему трудно угодить.It is out of the question to go there-Не может быть и речи о том, чтобы идти туда.
Формы инфинитива в английском языке.
|
Tense |
Voice |
Active |
Passive |
|
|
Indefinite\Simple |
To+V1(to go, to write) I like to play often(Действие относится к неопределенному моменту) |
To be +V3 I am glad to be helped (я рад, что мне помогли) |
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Continuous\ Progressive |
To+be+Ving I am glad to be speaking. (я рад, что я разговариваю.) |
(нет) + |
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Perfect |
To have+V3. I am glad to have seen. ( я рад, что уже повидал тебя.) |
To have been +V3. I am glad to have been told the news. (я рад, что мне уже рассказали новости.) |
||
( в инфинитивах to не ставится после глаголов: must, can(could), may(might), shall(should),
will(would), do(did), need.А также после: to let, to make, to hear, to see, to feel, to notice, to watch, to help.
Застывшие словосочетания с инфинитивом.
To cut a long story short- короче говоря. She is pleasant to look at-на неё приятно смотреть.
To tell(you) the truth- сказать(вам) по правде.I have nothing to read-Мне нечего читать.
To say nothing of- не говоря уже о…She has nobody to speak with-Ей не с кем поговорить
To put it mildly- мягко выражаясь.What is to be done?-Что делать?
To say the least of it- по меньшей мере.Who is to blame?-Кто виноват?
To begin with- начнем с того что…I am not blame-Я не виноват.
The(book) leaves much to be desired-(книга) оставляет желать лучшего.To see is to believe-Видеть значит верить.
He is difficult to deal with-С ним трудно иметь дело.He was the first(last) to come-Он пришел первым(последним).
He is hard to please-Ему трудно угодить.It is out of the question to go there-Не может быть и речи о том, чтобы идти туда.
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1 |
Subject(Подлежащее) |
To live here is very pleasant. It is time to go home. To travel by sea is pleasant thing.
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2 |
Predicative(Сказуемое) |
Your duty is to look after your little sister. Your task is to put up the tent.
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3 |
Object(Дополнение) |
She is ready to help us. I want to come earlier today. I want to show you the house where I was born.
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4 |
Attribute(Определение) |
This is the way to do it. He brought me a book to read.
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5 |
Adverbial modifier(Обстоятельство) |
I have come here to talk to you. He was too old to travel any more. |
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1 |
Objective with the infinitive. (объектный падеж с инфинитивом) |
I want you to come earlier. I saw him cross the street.(без to: to let, to make, to hear, to see, to watch) |
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2 |
For-to-Infinitive construction. (инфин-й оборот с предлогом For) |
It is difficult for me to do this. The text is easy enough for you to understand. |
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3 |
Nominative with theInfinitive. (именительный падеж с инфи нитивом) |
They were asked to come earlier. He is sure to come soon.(когда сказуемое:To think, to know, to suppose, to hear, to see, to say, to report, to describe,to advise, to ask, to order в страд. залоге) |
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1 |
Subject(Подлежащее) |
To live here is very pleasant. It is time to go home. To travel by sea is pleasant thing.
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2 |
Predicative(Сказуемое) |
Your duty is to look after your little sister. Your task is to put up the tent.
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3 |
Object(Дополнение) |
She is ready to help us. I want to come earlier today. I want to show you the house where I was born.
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4 |
Attribute(Определение) |
This is the way to do it. He brought me a book to read.
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5 |
Adverbial modifier(Обстоятельство) |
I have come here to talk to you. He was too old to travel any more. |
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1 |
Objective with the infinitive. (объектный падеж с инфинитивом) |
I want you to come earlier. I saw him cross the street.(без to: to let, to make, to hear, to see, to watch) |
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2 |
For-to-Infinitive construction. (инфин-й оборот с предлогом For) |
It is difficult for me to do this. The text is easy enough for you to understand. |
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3 |
Nominative with theInfinitive. (именительный падеж с инфи нитивом) |
They were asked to come earlier. He is sure to come soon.(когда сказуемое:To think, to know, to suppose, to hear, to see, to say, to report, to describe,to advise, to ask, to order в страд. залоге) |
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