I. Answer the following questions:
1. Did early human being’s remark begin in order to search solutions to basic problems?
2. What did they do to represent the passing of time?
3. What did each tally stand for?
4. What did early people use to represent a group of objects?
5
.
What did the ancient Babylonians use to represent ones and tens?
6. What did the ancient Egyptians use for numbers? (e.g.: What did a rod (a cattle hobble, a corn flower) stand for?
7
.
Did the early Romans create a number system showing groups of objects
as well as individual objects?
8. Were the oldest human counting systems of Zulu created relying on fingers and toes?
9
.
Did early people in Nigeria have a complex number system based on 20?
What operations did they have?
1
0.
Did Incas like Persians use tied knots and strings for numbers?
1
1.
Were the symbols from 0 to 9 invented in India in the third century
BC?
12. What idea had dramatically changed the face of Mathematics?
1
3.
Did fractions gradually emerge when early cultures shared their food
and water, their lands?
14. What number system of fractions did the ancient Babylonians have?
15. How did Chinese Societies name numerators and denominators?
1
6.
Did learning algorithms become a hallmark in education in Europe and
the North America over a century ago?
17. What computations can be done mentally using today’s
strategies? What computations can be done with a hand-held calculator today?
Give examples
II. Tell the class about the most interesting facts you have learned from the cartoon. Do you agree with the information mentioned in the cartoon? Add more information about the development of numbers
Appendix A
Recommendations and some useful phrases for giving presentations
Most presentations are divided into 3 main parts (+ questions):
INTRODUCTION
BODY
CONCLUSION + Questions
As a general rule in communication, repetition is valuable. In presentations, there is a golden rule about repetition:
Say what you are going to say; say it; then say what you have just said.
In other words, use the three parts of your presentation to reinforce your information. In the introduction, you tell your audience what your message is going to be. In the body, you tell your audience your real message. In the conclusion, you summarize what your message was.
We will now consider each of these parts in details and useful phrases in each of it.
Introduction
The introduction is a very important - perhaps the most important - part of your presentation. This is the first impression that your audience has of you. You should concentrate on getting your introduction right.
You should use the introduction to:
welcome your audience
introduce your subject
outline the structure of your presentation
give instructions about questions
Welcoming your audience
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen
Good morning, gentlemen
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen
Good afternoon, everybody