Контрольные задания Назовите исчисляемые и неисчисляемые существительные:

a) вода, дворец, мел, слово, дружба, океан, лес, бедность, родственник, здоровье, план, падеж, мудрость, случай, дело, золото, информация, молоко, столица, погода, владелец, станция, деньги, работа;

b) blood, electricity, performance, game, floor, milk, telephone, letter, anger, love, balcony, film, night, season, language, space, luck, day, traffic, advice, job, work, ticket, street, bread, luggage, furniture, student, school, attention, nightlife, public transport

Подчеркните неисчисляемые существительные:

1. We haven’t got enough water. 2. Where are my new gloves? 3. Add more onions into the soup. 4. Would you like some fish? 5. The cat eats two eggs every day. 6. Too much garlic isn’t good for you.7. There is a lot of paper on the desk. 8. This bad weather is affecting business. 9. You can’t start a business without money. 10. I’d like some cheese for breakfast. 11. That shop sells many sorts of cheeses. 12. She has thick blond hair. 13. My friend leads a busy life. 14. I can’t stand noise. 15. I have no time to call him. 16. Is Scotland an independent country? 17. It is difficult to get a job without experience. 18. They sent their son to a good university. 19. My sister works in a hospital.

Поставьте следующие существительные в форму множественного числа, прочитайте окончания согласно правилам:

-s [z]

a bag, a room, a thing, a pen, a seed, a tram, an egg, a wall, a king, a queen, a mountain, a hill, a cousin, a job

a name, an uncle, a plane, a rule, a line, a game, an apple, a table, a detective, a mile, a time

a window, a shadow, an eyebrow, a meadow, a swallow, a cow

a star, a bar, a car, a jar, a war, a colour, a corridor, a door, a floor, an author, a chair

a lecture, a mixture, a picture

a waiter, a flower, an engineer, a teacher, a doctor, a sweater, a member, a number, a worker, a computer, a letter, a corner

a sofa, a cinema, a banana, a drama, an umbrella

a key, a shoe, a tree, a bee, a sea, a pea

a way, a day, a boy, a toy, birthday, a play

-es [z]

a potato, a hero, a Negro, a piano, a radio, a photo, a video

-s [s]

a note, a plate, a chocolate, a date, an Institute, a lake, a gate

a flat, a lamp, a hat, a cat, a ship, a fork, a suit, a student,

a toast, a post, a coast

-es [iz]

a fox, a box

a dress, an address, a class, a glass, a fortress

a bench, an inch, a match

a flash, a bush

-s [iz]

a niece, a place, an entrance, a horse, a terrace, a voice, a dance, a price, a course, a face, a case, a palace, a fence, a science, an office

-s [iz]

a language, a village, a passenger, a cottage, a package, an orange, a bridge, a stage, a college, a page

a nose, a house, a blouse, a vase, a prize, a size, an exercise;

-y - ies [iz]

a baby, a story, a study, an army, a comedy, a company, a copy, a party, a gallery, a lady, a city, a balcony, a candy, a berry, a monastery, a library, a University, a century, a dictionary, a discovery, a laboratory, a family, an agency, a body, a battery

-fe- ves[vz]

a knife, a wolf, a wife, a shelf, a half, a leaf, a loaf, a life, a housewife, calf

a mouse, a man, a woman, a child, a goose, a foot, a tooth, a Frenchman, a gentleman, a milkman

a deer, a sheep, a swine

an ox

a tea-cup, a farm-yard, a dining-room, a father-in-law, a hold-up, a man-of-war, a letter-box, an alarm-clock, a cash-desk, a cloack-room, an exercise-book, a fairy-tale, a gym-hall, a still-life, a woman-worker

Укажите номера предложений, в которых окончание множественного числа существительного –s

( - es) читается:

[ z ]

1. The books are on the shelf. 2. These women are economists. 3. These are shelves. 4. Those are buses. 5. There are some large factories in the city. 6. The boys are noisy. 7. The leaves are yellow. 8. There is some water in the glasses. 9. How many apples are there on the table? 10. They want to meet the delegations at the airport.

[ s ]

1. The students are in the lecture hall. 2. Here are their telephone numbers. 3. These houses are nice. 4. I read a lot of books. 5. There are five plates on the shelf. 6. I have three or four cups of coffee a day. 7. I remember those days. 8. I have a lot of relatives in this town. 9. I want to say some words about these novels. 10. He has a few clean shirts.

[ iz ]

1. These buses are red. 2. The kittens are lovely. 3. Give me ten matches. 4. He has got three interesting books. 5. My friends are engineers. 6. These families are big and friendly. 7. The stories are long and not interesting. 8. Tom and Nick are their children. 9. Here are three big boxes. 10. This magazine has many pages.

Поставьте существительные в форму единственного числа:

flats, monuments, kinds, plays, toys, forms, data, packets, formulae, answers, wives, children, stations, men, women, geese, sheep, swine, drops, deer, crises, roads, peas, voices, phenomena, teeth, feet, curricula, oxen

Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. No news is good news. 2. Ill news comes too soon. 3. He gave me a piece of good advice. 4. Some information is very important.5. He never carries much money on him. 6. We paid good money for it. 7. Your knowledge of the subject is not deep enough. 8. Knowledge is power. 9. She has thick hair. 10. He has a lot of luggage. 11. What sea are the waters of the Lena flow into? 12. I prefer a glass of cold mineral water. 13. Neither fish, nor flesh. 14. I feel like a fish out of the water. 15. Phonetics is the science of sounds. 16. Fruit is expensive in winter. 17. We eat a lot of fruit. 18. There are apples, bananas, pears and other kinds of fruit on the plate. 19. What’s the news?

Переведите на английский язык следующие словосочетания, употребляя предлоги in или at:

в кухне, на вокзале, в аэропорту, в плавательном бассейне, в доме, дома, на работе, в школе, в парке, в лесу, в театре, в библиотеке, на собрании, на конференции, в магазине, в море, в стакане, в комнате, в кино, в снегу, на траве, в классе, в музее, в университете, в постели, в городе, за городом

Переведите на английский язык следующие словосочетания, употребляя предлоги on или at:

на полке, на столе, на заводе, на стене, на вокзале, на платформе, на полу, на выставке, на остановке, на концерте, на доске, на уроке, на мосту, на стадионе, на траве, на земле, на снегу, на работе, за столом, в вазе, во дворе

Переведите на английский язык следующие словосочетания, употребляя предлоги on, in, at, to, into:

на юг, на юге, в библиотеку, на заводе, в библиотеке, в школе, на севере, в городе, за город, за городом, в лес, в сумку, в реке, у реки, к морю, в театре, у окна, в постели, в карман, в университет, в школу

TEST

Вставьте вместо пропусков соответствующие предлоги:

on in at

1. We live …a large stone house.

2. Give the book…your friend.

3. She works…an office.

4. Now he is…the station.

5. When I am…home I work in the garden.

6. My friend lives…the north.

7. Granny was sitting…the grass.

8. My mother works…the library.

9. The children are…bed.

10. We buy food…the nearest shop.

11. We were …the theatre yesterday.

12. Were you…the lectures yesterday?

13. No, I was…the meeting.

14. Where is your sister? She is…school.

15. Where are your parents? They are…work.

16. He was born…Leeds.

17. The diagram is …page 5.

18. I read about it …the local newspaper.

19. This country is…the centre of Europe.

20. The Greens live…the ground floor.

21. Is he still…bed?

22. Nobody saw you…the conference last week.

23. The secretary won’t be a…work tomorrow.

24. 24. London lies…the Themes.

25. A very interesting programme is…TV tonight.

26. There weren’t many people…the party.

by of with under

1. Now he always writes…his pen.

2. The windows…his room were open.

3. The roof…the house looked old.

4. The novel is written…a young writer.

5. They were surrounded…a group of tourists.

6. The room was decorated…flowers.

7. The dog usually sleeps…the armchair.

8. He makes a lot…mistakes in his tests.

9. He is a man…a quiet temper.

10. She is a woman…forty.

11. The spacious room was full…people.

12. She is fond…vegetables.

13. I go to the Institute…bus.

14. The hall is crowded…people.

15. There are some shoes…the bed.

16. Children…18 are not allowed to buy cigarettes.

17. The coin rolled …the armchair.

18. He did it…mistake.

19. 18. I am wearing a jacket…my coat.

20. The notes are…the bottom of the page.

next opposite inside between beneath in the middle of

1. The village is…two hills.

2. The bench is…two high walls.

3. He stood quietly…Tom and Bob.

4. Let’s keep the matter…you and me.

5. The bank is…the post-office.

6. I like this café. Let’s sit…

7. The table is…of the room.

8. Where is the parrot? I think it is…the carpet.

9. 8. They were happy…the two wars.

10. 9. It is a dialogue…a woman and a man.

in front of across behind near outside

1. The blackboard is…me.

2. The train went…the field.

3. We waited…the house until it got dark.

4. The house stands…the road.

5. We want to meet…the house.

6. The house is…the river.

7. Emmy is…the other girls in running.

8. The girl stood…the front door.

9. Come here and sit…me.

10. The hospital is just…the street.

11. The lamp is right…my eyes.

among beyond above through over

1. My life was going…a difficult period.

2. There is a big lamp…the shelf.

3. The village is…the high hills.

4. I’d like to travel all…the world.

5. The town is forty metres…the sea-level.

6. It is…human comprehension.

7. I don’t know what lies…the ocean.

8. What lies…the horizon?

UNIT 3 GENDER. РОД

В современном английском языке род является смысловым понятием. Одушевленные существительные делятся на существительные мужского (Masculine) и женского (Feminine) рода и вместо них употребляются соответственно личные местоимения he (он) и she (она):

a boy, a brother, a king – мальчик, брат, король

a girl, a sister, a queen – девочка, сестра, королева

Все неодушевленные предметы принадлежат к среднему (Neuter) роду и вместо них употребляется личное местоимение it (оно):

a box, a bird, a room – коробка, птица, комната

Для выражения понятия рода в английском языке используются также лексические средства:

a girl-friend (подруга), a woman-worker (работница), a she-wolf (волчица) a maid-servant (служанка), a Tom-cat (кот).

Когда речь идет о домашних животных, употребляются местоимения he и she.

Используется суффикс –ess как показатель женского рода:

actor – actress актер – актриса

host – hostess хозяин – хозяйка

lion – lioness лев – львица.

Местоимением she заменяются существительные car (автомобиль), ship (корабль), the moon (луна).

Существительное the sun (солнце) относится к мужскому роду.

Некоторые существительные, такие как friend, doctor, teacher, detective, servant, writer, могут обозначать лиц как мужского, так и женского пола.

Prepositions of Direction. Предлоги направления

to	к, в, на (предлог направления)	to Moscow to the end	в Москву к концу
into	в, внутрь (предлог направления)	into the bag	в сумку
towards
from	из, от	the train from London	поезд из Лондона
out of	из, изнутри	Take the book out of the bag.	Возьми (вытащи) книгу из сумки.

Переведите, поставив соответствующие предлоги направления:

- в сумку, в стакан, в чашку, в комнату, в воду, в вазу, в холодильник, к коробку, в машину

- к стене, к двери, к окну, к карте, к классной доске, к парте, к столу, в театр, в кино

Вставьте вместо пропусков предлоги места или направления:

1. Where are the books? They are…the table. 2. Where is the bread? It is …the refrigerator. 3. Put the salt …the shelf. 4. Put the book…the bag. 5. There are some photos…the wall. 6. We cook dinner…the kitchen. 8. Who is standing…the bridge? 9. There is no sugar…my tea. 10. I usually meet her…the bus stop. 13. They never smoke …work. 14. The child is … that tree. 15. The sun is …the clouds. 16. Sit …me. 17. My house is…the post office.18. The train… Liverpool arrives at seven o’clock. 19. They live… the USA. 20. She was sitting…the car listening to the radio. 22. The bank is…the post office. 23. Where is the dog? I think it’s …the sofa. 25. We prefer to go on holiday …the south. 26. My parents live…the country in summer. 27. My wife works…the theatre. 28. We usually stay…this hotel.

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