Unit 18. Упражнения для коррекции типичных грамматических ошибок

Exercise 1. Change these sentences by putting the modal verb in the past and future tenses.

1) Every engineer must know the properties of the material he works with. 2) You may take these books. 3) Nobody can read in a dark room. 4) We cannot see the moon every night. 5) He must go home after the lecture. 6) We may use a dictionary to translate this text. 7) The lecture must begin at 2 p.m. 8) You may keep this book for 3 days.

Exercise 2. Substitute the modal, verbs by their equivalents.

1) People cannot see well in the evening, in order to see well they must light a lamp. 2) You may come and sit down. 3) At present every post-graduate student can explain this phenomenon. 4) You can investigate the effects of these rays on various materials. 5) No one may enter the laboratory while the test is going on. 6) According to the plan, you must begin the test at 5 sharp. 7) He can walk long distances. 8) You may use the new telescope.

Exercise 3. Bit these sentences into the interrogative and negative forms.

1) His biography may illustrate the conditions of life of the working people in Great Britain. 2) You must do as I tell you. 3) The committee had to discuss a difficult problem. 4) Very soon they will be able to make experiments in the new lab. 5) The professor will need his assistant’s help. 6) You could find all the information in the hand-book. 7) The head engineer was to make a report yesterday.

Exercise 4. Say it in English. Use modal verbs when they are correct grammatically.

1) Нашей стране нужны хорошие специалисты. 2) Мы можем сделать эту работу за два дня. 3) Ядерная энергия может иметь очень большое значение в повседневной жизни. 4) Каждый должен хорошо изучить свою специальность. 5) Ученому пришлось использовать результаты опытов других специалистов. 6) Вы сможете работать гораздо лучше. 7) Работа заняла много времени, мы не смогли прийти вовремя. 8) Можно ли нам работать в лаборатории вечером. 9) Он не смог прочесть все необходимые статьи. Он сможет сделать это только к концу месяца. 10) Вам разрешат присутствовать при его опытах. 11) Его статья должна быть опубликована на следующей неделе.

Exercise 5. Translate these sentences.

1) You should work harder. 2) You needn’t disturb him, I can tell you everything. 3) We should work at our English as mush as possible. 4) You needn’t take part in this research if you do not want to. 5) You ought to remember the names of the scientists too have already contributed to the development of your speciality. 6) The results of the experiment should be checked very carefully. 7) Every researcher ought to be interested in the results of his work. 8) This scientist would carefully repeat his experiments to be sure of the results.

Exercise 6. Say it in English. Use modal verbs wherever possible.

1) Вам следует еще раз обдумать это предложение. 2) Почему я должен принимать его предложение? Я не могу согласиться с ним. 3) Вам не нужно упоминать эти данные в докладе. 4) Возможно, они отложили встречу. 5) Может быть, ваш коллега ждет вас в холле. 6) Должно быть, все вопросы уже решены.

Exercise 7. Read the sentences. Comment on the situations expressing assurance or doubt. Use “must” or “can’t” + a suitable verb. Pattern: You’ve been working all day long. You must be tired.

1) Ronald has bought an expensive personal computer. He ... a lot of money. 2) Prof. Page knows a lot about history. His lectures at the University ... very interesting. 3) (A knock at the door.) I wonder who is that. It ... Rosy. She said she would come after 7.30 and it’s only 6 o’clock now. 4) I can see a mysterious space object on the horizon. It ... а UFO. 5) I wonder who’s the author of that paper on gene engineering in the “Chemical News”. It ... Miss Dewston. She isn’t a specialist in this field.

Exercise 8. You want to ask people to do things or offer then something. Express your request politely. Use “Can you…?/ Could you…/ If I could ask you ..?”

Pattern: If I could ask you to change a pound?

1) You have to carry some heavy boxes upstairs. Ask someone to help you. 2) You’re on a train. The woman next to you has just finished reading a newspaper. You’d like to have a look at it. 3) You need to light your cigarette. You haven’t got a lighter. But the man sitting next to you is smoking. 4) There is a concert on tonight. You want to invite your friend. 5) You’re in the post-office. You want to buy an envelope and 3 stamps. 6) You’re sitting in a crowded bus. There is an old lady standing. Offer her your seat. 7) You are driving a ear. You see a friend of yours on the road. Offer him a lift. 8) A friend has just come to see you. Offer him a drink.

Exercise 9. Analyze and translate the following sentences paying attention to the objective participle construction.

A. 1) I heard him speaking at the meeting. 2) They observed us making experiments. 3) I found him writing a report. 4) We saw the device tested. 5) We watched the car being examined.

B. 1) I want the data of my observations discussed. 2) I had the results of my observations published. 3) We want our translations corrected. 4) He wishes these photoplates developed. 5) She got her photo taken. 6) He got the engine of his car examined.

Exercise 10. Translate the following sentences and explain the use of the participles.

1) In the computer lab one can watch the electrode computer handling a variety of calculations. 2) Yesterday we heard the operator explaining to a group of students the principles of operation of the input section of a computer. 3) We also heard the students asking him to explain the function of the computers memory. 4) While I was listening to the operator’s explanations, I felt someone touching my arm. 5) I turned round and saw ay friend standing behind me. 6) I heard him saying: “I beg your pardon. More aside, please, and let me see the machine working”. 7) I want to have this problem solved by the computer. 8) I put the coded instruction into the input section and soon I got my problem solved.