Postgraduate courses

When you complete your first degree, you are a graduate. Some students then go on to do/take a second degree (postgraduate degree). They are then postgraduates / graduate students. Some of the possible postgraduate degrees include M.A. (Master of Arts) or M.S. (Master of Science), and Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy), the most advanced degree. When people study one subject in great detail (often to find new information), we say they are conducting/doing research; e.g., "I'm doing research into/on the languages of African tribes." [not "I'm doing a research."]

School vs. University/college

At school (K-12), you have teachers and lessons; at university or college, you have professors and instructors, and lectures, discussion classes, and seminars. When a professor gives a lecture, the students listen and take notes [write down the important information] but do not usually say much. In a discussion class, students discuss the subject and ask questions. A seminar is an advanced or postgraduate class in which students do independent research and then compare their results informally with the professor and other students.

Exercises

1. Read these sentences said by college students. What subject is each person studying?

1. "I'm concentrating on the modernist style and the work of Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright." …architecture…

2. "The way we use fertilizers is much more precise than it was twenty years ago."

3. "Travel and tourism are an important part of this industry."

4. "We're going to concentrate on Freud and Jung this term."

5. "I've been reading some books on time management."

6. "Expressionism was really a reaction to the work of the Impressionists."

7. "We've spent a lot of time on foreign policy and how it is affected by domestic issues."

8. "We're looking at ways that solar energy can be utilized."

Now mark the stress in each of your answers above and practice saying the words. Check the index or a dictionary for help with pronunciation.

2. What do you call...

1. the money students pay for their courses? …tuition…

2. the qualification you get at the end of four years at a university?

3. the name we give students during this period at college?

4. teachers at a university/college?

5. an advanced class where students discuss their research with a professor?

6. students studying for a second degree?

7. the study of one subject in great depth and detail, often to get new information?

8. the talks that students go to while they are at university or college?

3. Replace the underlined words with different words that have the same meaning in the context.

1. Is he a postgraduate? …graduate student…

2. Did she receive a college scholarship?

3. He's planning to go to junior college.

4. Where did you go to college?

5. She's studying physics, I think.

6. I think they're doing research into the cause of asthma.

4. How similar is higher education in Russia country?

1. Do some students get a scholarship to study at university or college?

2. Is the tuition free in some colleges?

3. At what age do most students go to university or college?

4. 4. How long do most undergraduate courses last?

5. What is your equivalent of the B.A. or B.S.?

6. Do you have similar postgraduate degrees in your country? Explain.