B 13.History of the British Parliament and its present- day life.

The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 following the ratification of the Treaty of Union by both the Parliament of England and Parliament of Scotland passing  Acts of Union. However, in practice the parliament was a continuation of the English parliament with the addition of Scottish MPs and peers. Parliament was further enlarged by the ratification by the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland of the Act of Union (1800), which abolished the Irish Parliament; this added 100 Irish members to the Commons and 32 to the Lords to create the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It has been called "the mother of parliaments",[7] its democratic institutions having set the standards for many democracies throughout the world. 

Parliament is made up of the House of Lords and House of Commons. The members of House of Lords are mostly lords and people who have been lords for life. The Lords can revise and even delay bills. The Commons has much power. The members of Commons are elected by people. They control the executive brunch of power. The largest party in Commons forms the Government and its leader becomes Prime minister. Officially the Parliament appoints Prime Minister. He chooses Cabinet and non-cabinet ministers. They are collectively responsible for Government and individually responsible for their departmens.

House of Lords – 1000 members

House of Commons- 630 members.

David Cameron is the Prime Minister in present time. ( conservative party)

B 14. The main political parties of Great Britain.

Prior to the mid-19th century politics in the United Kingdom was dominated by the Whigs and the Tories.. The Whigs included many of the leading aristocratic dynasties and later drew support from elements of the emerging industrial interests and wealthy merchants, while the Tories were associated with the landed gentry, the Church of England and the Church of Scotland

By the mid 19th century the Tories had evolved into the Conservative Party, and the Whigs had evolved into the Liberal Party..The Liberal and Conservatives dominated the political scene until the 1920. At present day

Three parties dominate politics in the House of Commons. They all operate throughout Great Britain .Conservative and Unionist Party, centrist to right-wing (traditionally centre-right and pragmatic; has always been a diverse and not always harmonious coalition) (306 seats in the House of Commons)Labour Party, centrist to Left-wing (traditionally socialist; is now a broad socialist and trade unionist to social liberal and social democratic party) (258 seats)Liberal Democrats, centrist to centre-left (heavily influenced by social liberalism). (57 seats)

The Electoral Commission's Register of Political Parties[1] lists the details of parties registered to fight elections, and their registered name, in the United Kingdom. Under current electoral law, including the Registration of Political Parties Act, only registered party names can be used on ballot papers by those wishing to fight elections. Candidates who do not belong to a registered party can use "independent" or no label at all.