Answers:

1,-	2.-	3.-	4.-	5.-
6.-	7.-	8.-	9,-	10,-

Task 5.

Match the beginning with the corresponding ending of each sentence.

1. In the USA within the judicial branch, authority is divided between ...

2. At the head of the judicial branch is the Supreme Court, ...

3. States have the power to establish their own systems of criminal and civil laws, with the result that...

4. Generally, state laws are quite similar,...

5. The Supreme Court is the federal court in the United States consisting of...

6. The Supreme Court hears cases in which someone claims that a lower court ruling is unjust or that...

7. An appeal may be made to the Court of Appeals, and, possibly in the last resort, ...

8. All federal judges are ...

9. The separate system of federal courts, which operates alongside the state courts, handles cases which arise under the U. S. Constitution or under ...

10. Federal courts also ...

    1. to the highest court: the U. S. Supreme Court.

    2. appointed for life.

    3. any law or treaty, as well as any controversy to which the federal government is itself a party.

    4. but in some areas there is great diversity.

    5. state and federal (national) courts.

    6. each state has its own laws, prisons, police force, and state court.

    7. the final interpreter of the Constitution.

    8. Constitutional law has been violated.

    9. nine justices and having jurisdiction over all other courts in the nation, j) hear disputes involving governments or citizens of different states.

Answers:

1,-	2.-	3.-	4.-	5,-
6,-	7,-	8.-	9.-	10,-

Task 6.

Read the statements and decide if they are true or false.

1. Each of the twelve Supreme Court justices (judges) is appointed by the president and examined by the Senate to determine whether he or she is qualified.

2. Once approved, a justice remains in the Supreme Court for life.

3. The Supreme Court justices have no obligation to follow the political policies of the president or Congress.

4. The Supreme Court justices have no obligation to uphold the laws of the Constitution.

5. The Court of Appeals is one of twelve law courts in US that deal with cases when people are not satisfied with the judgment given by a higher court.

6. Former colonial courts became federal courts.

7. The American judiciary is divided into the federal and the state judiciary.

8. Both state and federal courts can handle civil or criminal cases.

9. The Court of Appeal consists of mostly three judges.

10. The Senator of the USA is chairman of the Judicial Conference.

Task 7.

Find English equivalents for the following words or expressions.

1) цивільна справа	a) to be guilty of smth.
2) бути винним у чому-небудь	b) judiciary
3) бути обвинуваченим у чому- небудь	c) the judgment of a court
4) рішення суду	d) to be innocent
5) правова система	e) legal system
6) бути незадоволеним чимось	f) appellate
7) апеляційний	g) to be charged with
8) подавати справу в суд	h) civil case
9) мати справу з, розглядати, вирішувати	i) to bring a case to the court
10) розглядати справу	j) final
	k) common-law system
	1) to be unsatisfied with smth.
	m) to try a case
	n) a copyright violation case
	o) to deal with
Answers:
1)- 2)- 3)- 4)- 5)- 6)- 7)- 8)- 9)- 10)-

Task 8.

Make sentences putting the words in the correct order.

1. on / courts / based /system / the American / their / English / Colonies / common- law.

2. in / are / the United States / about / there /100 / federal courts.

3. is / tribunal / in / the U.S. Supreme Court / highest / the country / the.

4. the U.S. Supreme Court / a chief Justice / of / eight / consists / associate Justices / and.

5. apply / courts / to / the law / case / federal / a / particular.

6. three / generally / the U.S. Court of Appeals / judges / comprises.

7. held / trials / in / are / the District Court / are / juries / used / are / and / witnesses / called.

8. state / at / has / one / district / each / least / court.

9. by / certain / heard / a three-judge panel / cases / are.

10. life terms / for / the President / with / appoints / the Senate's consent / judges.

11. the magistrate / the / is / lowest / the judge / court / of.

12. cases / a / twelve / try / jury/ and / persons / a judge / of / criminal / consisting.

13. limited / are / state / the / courts / lowest / courts / of/ jurisdiction.

14. agreement / all / must / in / of / the Constitution / laws / the USA / be / with.

15. Task 9.

Translate the following verbs. Find all possible derivatives of them with the help of a dictionary and check their meaning.

decide, permit, form, protect, appeal, apply, determine, examine, establish, provide, create, prosecute, judge, observe, ensure, review.

Task 10.

Pick up pairs of synonyms.

to hear, guilty, offence, offender, punishment, lawyer, barrister, judge, theft , fair, code, harm, to decide, to consider, law, agency, duty, judgment, to be, property, to protect, legislature, society, plaintiff, to seek, matter, redress

advocate, rule, solicitor, damage, obligation, decision, institution, sentence, to judge, not innocent, crime, to defend, to exist, things, lawmaking body, justice, robbery, community, claimant, look for, to deal (with), criminal, case, compensation, just, set of the laws, to believe

Task 11.

Pick up pairs of antonyms.

guilty, guilt, civil, legal, first instance, defend, defendant, unjust, divorce, private

innocent, criminal, just, illegal, innocence, last instance, prosecute, public, plaintiff, marriage

Task 12.

Work in pairs. Discuss the following

What courts do you think would deal with:

1. a murder?

2. drug trafficking?

3. disputes between the individuals of different states?

4. disputes between individuals and government?

5. A case of adoption of a child?

6. a theft committed by a teenager? Use the following expressions:

1.1 think that...

2.1 know that...

3.1 don't know exactly, but...

4.1 am (not) sure ...

5.1 can say that...

NB!

Short forms:

adj. (adjective) - прикметник n. (noun) - іменник v. (verb) - дієслово syn. (synonym) - синонім smb. (somebody) - хто-небудь smth. (something) - що-небудь юр. - юридичний термін

Література:

1. Коцюба Зоряна. British and American systems of justice/Британська та Американська системи правосуддя: Посібник з англійської мови. - Львів: ВАТ «Львівська книжкова фабрика «Атлас»б 2004. - 324 с.

2. Мисик Л. В., Козолуп М. С., Лопатниченко С. Є. Англійська мова для студентів юридичних факультетів. Навчальний посібник. Ч. І. Київ: Видавничий дім ЮРЕ, 1999. - С. 4-118 с.

3. Eckhard Fiedler, Reimer Jansen, Mil Norman-Bisch. America in close-up. Longman, 2005. — 276 p.

4. George E. Rush. The dictionary of Criminal Justice. Fourth edition. The Dushkin Publishing group, Inc. - 1994 - 468 p. (USA)

5. Gillian D. Brown, Sally Rice. Professional English in use. Cambridge University Press. - 2007. - 128 p.

6. Longman exams dictionary. Longman, 2007. - 1835 p.

7. Nick Brieger. Professional English Law. Fourth Edition. Pearson Education Limited in association with Penguin Books LTD. China. - 2006. - 104 p.

8. W. R. Cornish. Law and society in England. 1750 - 1950. - London. Sweet and Maxwell, 1989. - 690 p.

9. The World Book Encyclopedia. Volume 9. World Book, Inc. Chicago, 2001. - 482 p.

10. http://www.mfa.gov.ua/mfa/en/publication/content/349.htm

11. http://www. nationsencyclopedia.com

12. http://courtgov.ua